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Intro -- Foreword -- Lessons learned across Asia-Pacific during the pandemic -- How to prepare for the future -- Reader's guide -- Structure of the publication -- Asia-Pacific countries and territories -- Selection and presentation of indicators -- Averages -- Country and territory ISO codes, GNI per capita and classification by income level -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Executive summary -- Life expectancy decreased by 1 year during the COVID-19 pandemic and maternal mortality ratio is still twice the Sustainable Development Goal target in lower-middle and low-income countries in the region -- Almost half of total health spending came from payments made by households out-of-pocket in lower-middle and low-income countries -- 1 Country and territory dashboards -- Health status -- Risk factors -- Quality of care -- Health care resources -- 2 The health impact of COVID-19 -- The direct impact of COVID-19 -- Vaccines have reduced the risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19 -- A high number of excess deaths was estimated for India and Indonesia -- Life expectancy remained stable in all Asian Pacific countries between 2019 and in 2020, while it decreased by almost one year in lower-middle- and low-income countries between 2020 and 2021 -- COVID-19 has disproportionately hit vulnerable populations -- The mental health impact of the pandemic has been enormous -- Disruptions of health services during the pandemic -- Generally decreased routine vaccination rates -- Cancer screening was disrupted in some countries in the Asia-Pacific region -- Delayed and missed care for chronic conditions has been associated with worse health outcomes -- Countries responded differently to the pandemic based on the pandemic situations and national capabilities and contexts.
The rapid development of remote consultations has offset at least partly the reduction of in-person encounters with GPs and specialists -- An expanded role of community health workers and general practitioners -- Conclusions -- References -- Note -- 3 Health status -- Life expectancy at birth and survival rate to age 65 -- References -- Neonatal mortality -- References -- Infant mortality -- References -- Under age 5 mortality -- References -- Mortality from all causes -- References -- Mortality from cardiovascular disease -- References -- Mortality from cancer -- References -- Mortality from injuries -- References -- Maternal mortality -- References -- Note -- Tuberculosis -- References -- HIV/AIDS -- References -- Malaria -- References -- Diabetes -- References -- Ageing -- References -- 4 Determinants of health -- Family planning -- References -- Infant and young child feeding -- References -- Child malnutrition (including undernutrition and overweight) -- References -- Water and sanitation -- References -- Tobacco -- References -- 5 Health care resources and utilisation -- Doctors and nurses -- References -- Consultations with doctors -- Medical technologies -- References -- Hospital care -- References -- Pregnancy and birth -- References -- Infant and child health -- References -- Mental health care -- References -- Access to health care -- References -- 6 Health expenditure and financing -- Health expenditure per capita and in relation to GDP -- Note -- Financing of health care from government and compulsory health insurance schemes -- References -- Note -- Financing of health care from households' out-of-pocket payments and voluntary payment schemes -- References -- Health expenditure by type of service -- 7 Quality of care -- Childhood vaccination -- References -- In-hospital mortality following acute myocardial infarction and stroke.
References -- Screening, survival and mortality for breast cancer -- References -- Vaccination, survival and mortality for cervical cancer -- References -- Survival for other cancers -- References -- Annex A. National data sources -- Bangladesh -- Brunei Darussalam -- Cambodia -- China -- Hong Kong (China) -- Macau (China) -- Malaysia -- Myanmar -- Nepal -- Singapore -- Sri Lanka -- Annex B. Additional information on demographic and economic context.
This seventh edition of Health at a Glance Asia/Pacific presents a set of key indicators of health status, the determinants of health, health-care resources and utilisation, health-care expenditure and financing, and quality of care across 27 Asia-Pacific countries and territories. It also provides a series of dashboards to compare performance across countries and territories, and a thematic analysis on the health impact of COVID-19.
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