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Plant genetics. Early allopolyploid evolution in the post-Neolithic Brassica napus oilseed genome
Ist Teil von
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2014-08, Vol.345 (6199), p.950
Ort / Verlag
United States
Erscheinungsjahr
2014
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was formed ~7500 years ago by hybridization between B. rapa and B. oleracea, followed by chromosome doubling, a process known as allopolyploidy. Together with more ancient polyploidizations, this conferred an aggregate 72× genome multiplication since the origin of angiosperms and high gene content. We examined the B. napus genome and the consequences of its recent duplication. The constituent An and Cn subgenomes are engaged in subtle structural, functional, and epigenetic cross-talk, with abundant homeologous exchanges. Incipient gene loss and expression divergence have begun. Selection in B. napus oilseed types has accelerated the loss of glucosinolate genes, while preserving expansion of oil biosynthesis genes. These processes provide insights into allopolyploid evolution and its relationship with crop domestication and improvement.