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The use of forensic DNA profiling has increased steadily over the years. The technique of DNA profiling, which started to be used in the UK courts to accurately identify individuals, has gradually expanded towards other legal systems. In both industrialized and developing countries, criminal investigations often rely on forensic DNA profiling and databasing. Although DNA evidence is very reliable and plays an essential part in solving criminal cases, it also presents numerous risks. Privacy issues have been raised. The creation of national databanks, in fact, poses a range of legal, ethical and social issues. Firstly, this article will define the DNA profiling technique and its different uses. Secondly, the nature of the samples will be discussed. Also, the legal and ethical risks related to confidentiality will be pointed out with particular regard to the southern border provinces of Thailand. Finally, the paper will analyze the question of DNA storage of forensic biological samples.
•Forensic DNA is a genetic technology that is currently used in criminal investigations.•A larger DNA database bank would increase the risks of a widespread use of private data without safeguards.•In collecting scientific evidence, the actions of the police should be subject to the law and cause minimum suffering to the alleged offender.•During the past few years, numerous have been the reports regarding the forced DNA collection in the conflict-ridden southern border provinces of Thailand.•Because of the importance of the national DNA database, Thailand should implement a legal framework to regulate the collection of genetic information.