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Use of acute and chronic ecotoxicity data in environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2016-05, Vol.35 (5), p.1201-1212
Vestel, Jessica
Caldwell, Daniel J.
Constantine, Lisa
D'Aco, Vincent J.
Davidson, Todd
Dolan, David G.
Millard, Steven P.
Murray-Smith, Richard
Parke, Neil J.
Ryan, Jim J.
Straub, Jürg Oliver
Wilson, Peter
2016
Details
Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Vestel, Jessica
Caldwell, Daniel J.
Constantine, Lisa
D'Aco, Vincent J.
Davidson, Todd
Dolan, David G.
Millard, Steven P.
Murray-Smith, Richard
Parke, Neil J.
Ryan, Jim J.
Straub, Jürg Oliver
Wilson, Peter
Titel
Use of acute and chronic ecotoxicity data in environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals
Ist Teil von
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2016-05, Vol.35 (5), p.1201-1212
Ort / Verlag
United States: Pergamon
Erscheinungsjahr
2016
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Wiley Blackwell Single Titles
Beschreibungen/Notizen
For many older pharmaceuticals, chronic aquatic toxicity data are limited. To assess risk during development, scale‐up, and manufacturing processes, acute data and physicochemical properties need to be leveraged to reduce potential long‐term impacts to the environment. Aquatic toxicity data were pooled from daphnid, fish, and algae studies for 102 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to evaluate the relationship between predicted no‐effect concentrations (PNECs) derived from acute and chronic tests. The relationships between acute and chronic aquatic toxicity and the n‐octanol/water distribution coefficient (DOW) were also characterized. Statistically significant but weak correlations were observed between toxicity and log DOW, indicating that DOW is not the only contributor to toxicity. Both acute and chronic PNEC values could be calculated for 60 of the 102 APIs. For most compounds, PNECs derived from acute data were lower than PNECs derived from chronic data, with the exception of steroid estrogens. Seven percent of the PNECs derived from acute data were below the European Union action limit of 0.01 μg/L and all were anti‐infectives affecting algal species. Eight percent of available PNECs derived from chronic data were below the European Union action limit, and fish were the most sensitive species for all but 1 API. These analyses suggest that the use of acute data may be acceptable if chronic data are unavailable, unless specific mode of action concerns suggest otherwise. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1201–1212. © 2015 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 0730-7268
eISSN: 1552-8618
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3260
Titel-ID: cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1787971496
Format
–
Schlagworte
1-Octanol - chemistry
,
Acute-to-chronic ratio
,
Animals
,
Aquatic ecosystems
,
Aquatic toxicity
,
Chlorophyta - drug effects
,
Cyanobacteria - drug effects
,
Daphnia - drug effects
,
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
,
Environmental impact
,
Environmental risk assessment
,
Fishes
,
Pharmaceuticals
,
Predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC)
,
Risk Assessment
,
Toxicity
,
Toxicity Tests, Acute
,
Toxicity Tests, Chronic
,
Water - chemistry
,
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
,
Water pollution
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