Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Tabak, Adam
• Fazekas-Pongor, Vince
• Tarantini, Stefano
• Balasubramanian, Priya
• Csiszar, Anna
• Ungvari, Zoltan
• Bouchard, Claude

Titel

Obesity and Cognitive Decline

Ist Teil von

• Handbook of Obesity, Two-Volume Set, 2024, Vol.1, p.Vol1:572-Vol1:580

Auflage

4

Ort / Verlag

CRC Press

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Midlife obesity is a risk factor for dementia that probably also plays a pathophysiological role in its development. This chapter aims to examine the epidemiological evidence published on the relationship of obesity with incident dementia and explore the pathophysiological mechanisms that may underlie this relationship. While the role of midlife obesity is well described, the role of late-life obesity is equivocal, as it has sometimes been observed as a protective factor. This contradictory evidence, also referred to as the "obesity paradox," may be resolved by considering the different follow-up times of published studies. Since body mass index trajectories of patients with dementia and healthy controls intersect approximately 10 years before disease onset, studies with shorter follow-up are potentially biased by reverse causality. The totality of evidence reinforces that obesity is an independent risk factor for dementia. Obesity could be linked to dementia through its well-described deleterious effects on cerebromicrovascular functioning, cerebral blood flow regulation, blood-brain barrier integrity, neuronal function, insulin resistance, adipose tissue function, and on the gut-microbiota-brain axis. These factors can be mitigated with lifestyle interventions focusing on body weight control and thus may be of utmost importance from a public health perspective.