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Nutrients use efficiency by coffee cultivars/Eficiencia de utilizacao de nutrientes por cultivares de cafeeiro
Ist Teil von
Ciência rural, 2011-04, Vol.41 (4), p.621
Ort / Verlag
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Erscheinungsjahr
2011
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Electronic Journals Library
Beschreibungen/Notizen
To elucidate the differences in the nutritional requirements among the cultivated varieties of plant species is a form of obtaining higher productivity and to optimize the fertilizer use. This work had as objective to evaluate the root and shoot production efficiency of four arabic coffee cultivars ('Acaia IAC 474-19', 'Icatu Amarelo IAC-3282', 'Rubi MG1192' and 'Catuai Vermelho IAC 99') per unit of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu and Zn absorbed. For this purpose an experiment was carried out in field conditions at the Universidade Federal de Vicosa. The treatments were settled in a 4x3 factorial arrangement (four cultivars and three fertilization levels; low, normal and high) in randomized blocks with four replications. The plants of the normal fertilization level received fertilization based on previously determined coffee plant recruitment. The plants of the levels low and high received, respectively, 0.4 and 1.4 times the normal fertilization doses. The efficiency of production of roots was differentiated among them cultivate when there was restriction in the amount of supplied fertilizers (low level), did not have differences among them when normal and high dose of fertilizers was used. When cultivate in the low fertilization level 1Acaia IAC 474-19'presented highest efficiency to the production of roots per unit of N, P, K, Ca Mg and S absorbed, while in the some condition 'Rubi MG-1192' presented the smallest. It was concluded that efficiency of utilization of nutrients for root and shoot productions were differentiated among cultivars. Key words: Coffea arabica L., mineral nutrition, nutritional efficiency. Elucidar as diferencas nas exigencias nutricionais entre as cultivares e uma forma de obter maior produtividade e otimizar o uso de fertilizantes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiencia na producao de raiz e parte aerea por unidade absorvida de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu e Zn em quatro cultivares de cafeeiro arabico ('Acaia IAC-474-19', 'Icatu Amarelo IAC-3282', 'Rubi MG-1192'e 'Catuai Vermelho IAC99'). Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em condicoes de campo, no Campus da Universidade Federal de Vicosa, durante dois anos, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 4x3, constituido de quatro cultivares e tres niveis de adubacao (baixo, normal e alto), com quatro repeticoes. As plantas que constituiram o nivel normal receberam adubacao baseada na marcha de acumulo de nutrientes em cafe arabica. Nos niveis de adubacao baixo e alto, as plantas receberam, respectivamente, 0,4 e 1,4 vezes a recomendacao de adubacao feita para o nivel normal. A eficiencia de utilizacao de nutrientes para producao de raizes foi diferenciada entre as cultivares quando houve restricao na quantidade de adubos fornecidos (nivel baixo), nao havendo diferencas entre elas quando se empregou dose normal e alta de fertilizantes. A eficiencia na producao de raizes por unidade de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S absorvidos foi maior na cultivar 'Acaia IAC-474-19' e menor na 'Rubi MG-1192'. Conclui-se que a eficiencia de utilizacao de nutrientes para producao de raizes e uso de nutrientes pela parte aerea de cafeeiros foi diferenciada entre cultivares. Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica L., nutricao mineral, eficiencia nutricional, fertilizantes.