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Acroconidiella
was proposed to accommodate
Acroconidiella tropaeoli
, a fungal species causing leaf spots on
Tropaeolum majus
. At the time, it was recognized as deserving to be treated as a distinct genus because, although being somewhat similar to
Alternaria
, it did not present muriform conidia formed in chains. More recent observations of
A. tropaeoli
in culture forming acropetal conidial chains, and the recognition of several non-dictioconidial species as belonging to
Alternaria
, prompted a reappraisal of the genus, starting with the re-examination of the type species. Samples of
Acroconidiella tropaeoli
, and also of
Acroconidiella trisepta
, were recollected in Brazil, and a study involving an analysis of their morphology, under light microscopy and SEM, and a molecular phylogenenetic analysis was performed. A multi-gene phylogeny, including the large subunit of the nrDNA (nc LSU rDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-α (
EF1
), and polymerase II second largest subunit (
RPB2
), placed
A. tropaeoli
within
Alternaria
, close to
A. sonchi
and
A. cinerariae
. The ITS and nc LSU rDNA phylogenetic study of
A. trisepta
placed it within
Dendryphiella
. The new combination
Dendryphiella trisepta
comb. nov is proposed to accommodate
A. trisepta.
Nevertheless, the new name
Alternaria obtusa
is proposed for
Acroconidiella tropaeoli
since it could not be recombined into
Alternaria tropaeoli
because this name is already in use for another valid (and distinct) species in this genus described from India. This study showed that
Acroconidiella
is an artificial genus which is now rejected, since its type species belongs to
Alternaria
—which has nomenclatural priority over
Acroconidiella
. Other species placed in
Acroconidiella
, given below, await reappraisal in order to determine their correct taxonomic affinity.