Sie befinden Sich nicht im Netzwerk der Universität Paderborn. Der Zugriff auf elektronische Ressourcen ist gegebenenfalls nur via VPN oder Shibboleth (DFN-AAI) möglich.
mehr Informationen...
Should E-Cigarette Regulation Be Based on Randomized Trials or Observational Studies?
Ist Teil von
American journal of public health (1971), 2021-02, Vol.111 (2), p.219-220
Ort / Verlag
United States: American Public Health Association
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
In a systematic review, Wang et al. (p. 230) considered several types of evidence about the effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on smoking cessation. Synthesizing the results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) using meta-analysis, Wang et al. found that providing free e-cigarettes probably helps some people quit smoking. This is consistent with a recent Cochrane review that found that free e-cigarettes provided in trials were more effective than nicotine replacement for smoking cessation and possibly more effective than behavioral therapy. Both reviews highlight important clinical differences across individual trials, and both reviews show that ecigarettes have small absolute benefits because most people are unsuccessful in their attempts to quit smoking tobacco. Moreover, both reviews point to concerning evidence that people use e-cigarettes longer than other smoking cessation aids. In the long-term, switching to e-cigarettes might be better than continuing to smoke tobacco; however, these trials do not show whether the short-term benefits of e-cigarettes offset their long-term harms when compared with nicotine replacement, such as gums or lozenges, which are effective for smoking cessation and used for a shorter time. Wang et al. argue that if regulators such as the US Food and Drug Administration had approached e-cigarettes as they approach drugs and medical devices, RCTs restricted to people who are motivated to quit smoking would have been appropriate for assessing their potential benefits. Although their effects on smoking cessation are small, e-cigarettes might even compare favorably with other smoking cessation therapies such as bupropion, varenicline, and nicotine inhalers.