Nature (London), 2015-04, Vol.520 (7549), p.697-701
2015
Details
- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- TP53 loss creates therapeutic vulnerability in colorectal cancer
- Ist Teil von
- Nature (London), 2015-04, Vol.520 (7549), p.697-701
- Ort / Verlag
- England: Nature Publishing Group
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2015
- Link zum Volltext
- Quelle
- EBSCOhost Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- TP53, a well-known tumour suppressor gene that encodes p53, is frequently inactivated by mutation or deletion in most human tumours. A tremendous effort has been made to restore p53 activity in cancer therapies. However, no effective p53-based therapy has been successfully translated into clinical cancer treatment owing to the complexity of p53 signalling. Here we demonstrate that genomic deletion of TP53 frequently encompasses essential neighbouring genes, rendering cancer cells with hemizygous TP53 deletion vulnerable to further suppression of such genes. POLR2A is identified as such a gene that is almost always co-deleted with TP53 in human cancers. It encodes the largest and catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II complex, which is specifically inhibited by α-amanitin. Our analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases reveals that POLR2A expression levels are tightly correlated with its gene copy numbers in human colorectal cancer. Suppression of POLR2A with α-amanitin or small interfering RNAs selectively inhibits the proliferation, survival and tumorigenic potential of colorectal cancer cells with hemizygous TP53 loss in a p53-independent manner. Previous clinical applications of α-amanitin have been limited owing to its liver toxicity. However, we found that α-amanitin-based antibody-drug conjugates are highly effective therapeutic agents with reduced toxicity. Here we show that low doses of α-amanitin-conjugated anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibody lead to complete tumour regression in mouse models of human colorectal cancer with hemizygous deletion of POLR2A. We anticipate that inhibiting POLR2A will be a new therapeutic approach for human cancers containing such common genomic alterations.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 0028-0836eISSN: 1476-4687DOI: 10.1038/nature14418Titel-ID: cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4417759
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Alpha-Amanitin - adverse effects, Alpha-Amanitin - chemistry, Alpha-Amanitin - pharmacology, Alpha-Amanitin - therapeutic use, Animals, Antibodies - chemistry, Antibodies - immunology, Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology, Apoptosis, Cancer, Cancer therapies, Cancer treatment, Care and treatment, Catalytic Domain, Cell Adhesion Molecules - immunology, Cell cycle, Cell growth, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation - drug effects, Colorectal cancer, Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms - enzymology, Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms - pathology, Databases, Genetic, Disease Models, Animal, Drug dosages, Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule, Female, Gene Deletion, Gene Dosage - genetics, Genes, Genes, p53 - genetics, Genetic aspects, Health aspects, Humans, Immunoconjugates - adverse effects, Immunoconjugates - chemistry, Immunoconjugates - immunology, Immunoconjugates - therapeutic use, Methods, Mice, Protein Subunits - chemistry, Protein Subunits - deficiency, Protein Subunits - genetics, RNA polymerase, RNA Polymerase II - antagonists & inhibitors, RNA Polymerase II - chemistry, RNA Polymerase II - deficiency, RNA Polymerase II - genetics, Toxicity, Tumor suppressor genes, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - biosynthesis, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - deficiency, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics, Tumors, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays