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Commikuanoids A-C: New cycloartane triterpenoids with exploration of carbonic anhydrase-II inhibition from the resins of Commiphora kua by in vitro and in silico molecular docking
Three new cycloartane triterpenoids, commikuanoids A-C (1–3), together with four known compounds 4–7, were isolated from the resin of Commiphora kua. Their structures were confirmed by advanced NMR techniques such as 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D (HMBC, HSQC, COSY, NOESY and NOE) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Five compounds (1–5) were screened for in vitro carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) inhibitory activity. All the tested compounds demonstrated significant activity against CA II with IC50 values ranging from 4.9–19.6 μM. Moreover, the binding pattern of each compound in the binding site of CA-II was predicted through in silico molecular docking approach. It was observed that compounds 2, 4, and 5 binds with the Zn ion present in the active site of CA II, while compounds 1 and 3 mediated hydrogen bonding with Thr199 of CA-II, and all the compounds showed good binding score (> − 5 kcal/mol).
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