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Formation of Warm Dense Matter: Experimental Evidence for Electronic Bond Hardening in Gold
Ist Teil von
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2009-02, Vol.323 (5917), p.1033-1037
Ort / Verlag
Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Erscheinungsjahr
2009
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Under strong optical excitation conditions, it is possible to create highly nonequilibrium states of matter. The nuclear response is determined by the rate of energy transfer from the excited electrons to the nuclei and the instantaneous effect of change in electron distribution on the interatomic potential energy landscape. We used femtosecond electron diffraction to follow the structural evolution of strongly excited gold under these transient electronic conditions. Generally, materials become softer with excitation. In contrast, the rate of disordering of the gold lattice is found to be retarded at excitation levels up to 2.85 megajoules per kilogram with respect to the degree of lattice heating, which is indicative of increased lattice stability at high effective electronic temperatures, a predicted effect that illustrates the strong correlation between electronic structure and lattice bonding.