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Hidden Diversity in the Populations of the Armored Catfish Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) from the Paraná River Basin Revealed by Molecular and Cytogenetic Data
Ist Teil von
Frontiers in genetics, 2017-11, Vol.8, p.185-185
Ort / Verlag
Switzerland: Frontiers Media S.A
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
EZB Free E-Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Only one species of armored catfish,
Valenciennes 1836, has been historically described in the basin of the Paraná River, from Misiones (Argentina). However, the ample variation found in the morphology and coloration of the populations sampled in the tributaries of the Brazilian state of Paraná makes it difficult to establish the real taxonomic status and evolutionary history of the
specimens, suggesting that
is not the only species found in this basin. By combining data on mitochondrial DNA (COI gene) and chromosomal markers from different
populations, totaling 144 specimens, in the tributaries of the Paraná, and specimens from Misiones (type-locality of
), we detected five distinct evolutionary lineages. All the specimens were 2n = 50, but had four distinct karyotype formulae. The results of the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GYMC) and the genetic distances (uncorrected
-values) between lineages ranged from 3 to 5%. Clusters of 18S rDNA were observed in a single chromosome pair in seven populations of
, but at different positions, in some cases, in synteny with the 5S rDNA sites. Multiple 5S sites were observed in all populations. Overall, the cytogenetic data reinforce the genetic evidence of the diversification of lineages, and indicate the existence of candidate species in the study region. The evidence indicates that at least four candidate species of the
may coexist in the Paraná basin besides
. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive scenario for the genetic variation among
populations and reinforce the conclusion that the true diversity of the freshwater fish of the Neotropical regions has been underestimated.