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The carbon loaded KNb3O8 nanosheets composite has been synthesized for the first time by hydrothermal method, displaying an outstanding performance in photocatalytic H2 evolution. The optimal C/KNb3O8 sample exhibits a H2-generation rate of 1148 μmol g−1 h−1 under simulated solar illumination, which is 1.8 times that of pristine KNb3O8. Various characterizations including N2 adsorption, XRD, XPS, Raman, DRS, transient photocurrent, EIS, LSV have been applied to investigate the behind mechanism. It is found that the introduction of carbon shows a slight effect on the specific surface area, but obviously improves the optical property and charge separation efficiency. The introduced carbon mainly acts as electron trapper to accept the photoexcited electrons from the conduction band of KNb3O8, and hence enhances the efficiency in separating electron-hole pairs, which plays a key role in improving the photocatalytic reaction. The cycling test further demonstrates that the C/KNb3O8 has high photocatalytic stability, indicating its good potential for practical photocatalytic H2 evolution.