Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Kerkonian, Aram Daniel,

Titel

Space regulation in Canada : past, present and potential : the case for a comprehensive Canadian space law

Ort / Verlag

Cham, Switzerland : Springer,

Erscheinungsjahr

[2021]

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Includes bibliographical references.
• Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Purpose and Research Question -- 1.2 Chapter Summaries -- 1.3 Methodological Approaches -- 1.4 Original Contribution -- Chapter 2: International and Canadian Space Activities -- 2.1 Historical Space Activities -- 2.2 Historical Canadian Space Activities -- 2.2.1 Space Science -- 2.2.1.1 Atmospheric Studies -- 2.2.1.2 High Altitude Research Program (HARP) -- 2.2.2 Communications -- 2.2.2.1 Alouette-ISIS Program -- 2.2.2.2 ANIK Program -- 2.2.2.3 CTS Program -- 2.2.3 Remote Sensing -- 2.2.4 Robotics and Human Spaceflight -- 2.3 Current Space Activities -- 2.4 Current Canadian Space Activities -- 2.4.1 Economic Impact of Canadian Space Sector -- 2.4.2 Canadian Space Agency -- 2.4.3 Macdonald Dettwiler and Associates -- 2.4.4 Telesat -- 2.4.5 Urthecast -- 2.4.6 ExactEarth -- 2.4.7 GHGSat -- 2.4.8 Kepler Communications -- 2.5 Future Space Activities -- 2.5.1 Emerging Space Applications -- 2.5.1.1 Improved and Reusable Launch Capability -- 2.5.1.2 Space Traffic Management and Space Situational Awareness -- 2.5.1.3 Global Internet Coverage -- 2.5.1.4 Human Settlement in Space -- 2.5.1.5 Outer Space Resource Exploitation -- 2.5.1.6 Solar Power Satellites -- 2.5.1.7 On-Orbit Servicing -- 2.5.1.8 Debris Remediation -- 2.5.2 Cooperation Efforts -- 2.5.2.1 Space Exploration -- 2.5.2.2 Lunar and Near-Lunar Development -- 2.5.2.3 Natural Disaster Response -- 2.5.2.4 Cooperation to Promote the Development of Space in Developing States -- 2.5.2.5 Obstacles to International Cooperation -- 2.6 Future Canadian Space Activities -- 2.6.1 Economic Focus and Policy Development -- 2.6.2 Technological Growth -- 2.6.3 Social Impact -- 2.6.4 Regulatory Reform -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: International Regulation of Space Activities.
• 3.1 Current International Space Law -- 3.1.1 Outer Space Treaty (1967) -- 3.1.2 Rescue and Return Agreement (1968) -- 3.1.3 Liability Convention (1972) -- 3.1.4 Registration Convention (1975) -- 3.1.5 Moon Agreement (1979) -- 3.1.6 Other Hard Law Instruments -- 3.1.6.1 International Telecommunication Union Convention (1932) -- 3.1.6.2 ISS Agreement (1998) -- 3.1.7 Soft Law -- 3.1.7.1 Legal Principles Governing Activities in Outer Space (1963) -- 3.1.7.2 Remote Sensing Principles (1986) -- 3.1.7.3 Nuclear Power Sources Principles (1992) -- 3.1.7.4 Space Benefits Declaration (1996) -- 3.1.7.5 UN Debris Mitigation Guidelines (2007) -- 3.1.7.6 UN Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines (2018) -- 3.2 Future International Space Law -- 3.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Canadian Regulation of Space Activities -- 4.1 Governmental Policy Making -- 4.2 Canadian Space Policy -- 4.2.1 Upper Atmosphere and Space Programs in Canada (Science Secretariat, 1967) -- 4.2.2 Report on A Space Program for Canada (Science Council of Canada, 1967) -- 4.2.3 A Domestic Satellite Communication System for Canada (Minister of Industry, 1968) -- 4.2.4 Canadian Policy for Space (MOSST, 1974) -- 4.2.5 Canadian Space Program Plan (MOSST, 1981) -- 4.2.6 Canadian Space Program Plan (MOSST, 1982) -- 4.2.7 Interim Space Plan (MOSST, 1985) -- 4.2.8 Canadian Space Program: Long Term Initiatives (MOSST, 1986) -- 4.2.9 The Canadian Space Program: A New Horizon (CSA, 1994) -- 4.2.10 The Canadian Space Program: A New Era for Canada in Space (CSA, 1999) -- 4.2.11 The Canadian Space Strategy: Serving and Inspiring the Nation (CSA, 2003) -- 4.2.12 Reaching Higher: Canada´s Interests and Future in Space (Emerson, 2012) -- 4.2.13 Space Policy Framework: Launching the Next Generation (CSA, 2014) -- 4.2.14 Report on Consultations (Space Advisory Board, 2017).
• 4.2.15 Exploration, Innovation, Imagination: A New Space Strategy for Canada (ISED, 2019) -- 4.3 Reviewing Canadian Space Policy -- 4.4 Canadian Space Laws -- 4.4.1 Radiocommunication Act (1985) -- 4.4.2 Aeronautics Act (1985) -- 4.4.3 Broadcasting Act (1991) -- 4.4.4 Telecommunications Act (1993) -- 4.4.5 Remote Sensing and Space Systems Act (2005) -- 4.5 Canadian Laws Related to Space -- 4.5.1 Canadian Space Agency Act (1990) -- 4.5.2 Civil International Space Station Agreement Implementation Act (1999) -- 4.5.3 Criminal Code -- 4.6 Future Canadian Space Law -- 4.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Theoretical Foundation of Canadian Space Regulation -- 5.1 The International Legal Order -- 5.1.1 Origins and History -- 5.1.2 Contemporary International Relations -- 5.1.3 A Paradox: Jus Cogens and Sovereignty -- 5.1.4 A Response: States as Fiduciaries of Their People -- 5.1.5 An Extension: States as Fiduciaries of Humanity -- 5.1.5.1 Examples of Fiduciary Practice -- 5.1.5.2 Evidence of Canada´s Fiduciary Practice -- 5.2 A State´s Fiduciary Responsibility to Regulate -- 5.2.1 Regulation -- 5.2.1.1 The Theories of Regulation -- 5.2.1.2 The Methodologies of Regulation -- 5.2.1.3 The Role of the Regulator -- 5.2.1.4 The Practicalities of Regulation -- 5.3 The Benefits of Space Regulation -- 5.3.1 Benefits for Private Entities -- 5.3.1.1 Regulatory Consistency Promotes Competition -- 5.3.1.2 Regulatory Clarity Promotes Efficiency -- 5.3.1.3 Regulatory Legitimacy Promotes Confidence -- 5.3.2 Benefits for Institutions -- 5.3.3 Benefits for Canada -- 5.4 Space Regulation as Satisfaction of Canada´s Fiduciary Duties -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Empirical Insights into the Canadian Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.1 Background -- 6.1.1 Questionnaire Drafting Process -- 6.1.2 Research Ethics Board Process -- 6.1.3 Dissemination Process.
• 6.1.4 Methodological Limitations -- 6.2 Questionnaire: Insights into Canada´s Regulatory Framework Related to Space -- 6.2.1 Preliminary Comments -- 6.2.2 Analysis of Individual Questions -- 6.2.2.1 General Information -- 6.2.2.2 Canada´s Space Policy -- 6.2.2.3 Canada´s Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.2.2.4 The Application of Canada´s Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.2.2.5 The Future of Space Regulation in Canada -- 6.2.2.6 The Future of Space Activities -- 6.2.2.7 A New Canadian Space Law -- 6.3 General Analysis of Themes Emerging from Questionnaire Responses -- 6.3.1 Preliminary Comments -- 6.3.2 Uninspiring State of the Canadian Space Sector -- 6.3.3 Dismal View of the Canadian Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.3.4 Desire to Improve the Canadian Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.3.5 Lack of Consensus on How to Improve the Canadian Space Regulatory Framework -- 6.3.6 General Preference for a Comprehensive Canadian Space Law -- 6.3.7 Potential Effect of a New Comprehensive Canadian Space Law -- 6.3.8 Canadian Leadership in International Space-Related Issues -- 6.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 7: National Regulation of Space Activities -- 7.1 Comprehensive Regulation of Commercial Space Activities -- 7.1.1 Norway (1969) -- 7.1.2 Sweden (1982) -- 7.1.3 United Kingdom (1986) -- 7.1.4 Argentina (1991) -- 7.1.5 Russia (1993) -- 7.1.6 South Africa (1993) -- 7.1.7 Ukraine (1996) -- 7.1.8 Hong Kong (1997) -- 7.1.9 Australia (1998) -- 7.1.10 Belgium (2005) -- 7.1.11 South Korea (2005) -- 7.1.12 Netherlands (2007) -- 7.1.13 France (2008) -- 7.1.14 Austria (2011) -- 7.1.15 Kazakhstan (2012) -- 7.1.16 Indonesia (2013) -- 7.1.17 Denmark (2016) -- 7.1.18 Japan (2016) -- 7.1.19 New Zealand (2017) -- 7.1.20 Finland (2018) -- 7.1.21 Portugal (2019) -- 7.1.22 United Arab Emirates (2020) -- 7.2 Non-comprehensive Regulation of Commercial Space Activities.
• 7.2.1 United States of America (1984) -- 7.2.2 Brasil (2001) -- 7.2.3 China (2001) -- 7.2.4 Germany (2007) -- 7.2.5 India (2017) -- 7.2.6 Luxembourg (2017) -- 7.2.7 Philippines (2018) -- 7.3 Analysis of Comprehensive National Space Laws -- 7.3.1 Scope -- 7.3.2 Authorisation -- 7.3.3 Supervision -- 7.3.4 Liability, Insurance and Indemnification -- 7.3.5 Registration and Transfer -- 7.3.6 Environment and Debris Mitigation -- 7.3.7 Consequences of Violation -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Rationale for a Comprehensive Canadian Space Law -- 8.1 Future of Canadian Commercial Space Activities -- 8.2 Current Canadian Space Regulatory Framework -- 8.3 Proposed Comprehensive Space Law -- 8.3.1 General Advantages of a Comprehensive Space Law -- 8.3.1.1 Overarching Foundational Document -- 8.3.1.2 Responsive and Flexible Application to Emerging Activities -- 8.3.1.3 Increased Coherence and Regulatory Accessibility -- 8.3.2 Stakeholder Rationale for the Creation of a Comprehensive Space Law -- 8.3.2.1 Government Perspective -- 8.3.2.2 Industry Perspective -- 8.3.2.3 Third-Party Perspective -- 8.4 Other Necessary Changes to the Regulatory Framework -- 8.4.1 Maintaining the Overall Regulatory Framework -- 8.4.2 Supporting the Role of the Regulator -- 8.4.2.1 Departmental Clarity -- 8.4.2.2 Skilled Human Resources -- 8.4.2.3 Appropriate Levels of Funding -- 8.5 Potential Criticisms of the Proposed Comprehensive Canadian Space Law -- 8.5.1 A Broad Law Does Not Offer Regulatory Clarity -- 8.5.2 A Broad Law Does Not Offer Regulatory Consistency -- 8.5.3 An Existing Law Can Satisfy the Purpose of the Proposed Comprehensive Space Law -- 8.5.4 Additional Regulation Hinders Commercial Innovation -- 8.5.5 A Broad Law Creates Unintended Consequences -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Proposed Comprehensive Canadian Space Law -- 9.1 General Comments.
• 9.2 Specific Provisions.
• Description based on print version record.