Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Alexander, Steven,
• Schaefer, Franz,
• Warady, Bradley A.,

Titel

Pediatric dialysis

Auflage

3rd ed

Ort / Verlag

Cham, Switzerland : Springer,

Erscheinungsjahr

[2021]

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Essential Primers -- 1: Notes on the History of Dialysis Therapy in Children -- Introduction -- Peritoneal Dialysis -- Hemodialysis -- Patient Registries and Multicenter Studies -- Conclusion -- References -- 2: The Biology of Dialysis -- Introduction -- Biology of Uremic Toxicity -- Solute Removal Mechanisms in Extracorporeal Dialysis -- Diffusion -- Solute Removal by Convection -- Solute Removal by Internal Filtration -- New Membrane Designs for Enhanced Removal of Large Toxins -- Solute Removal by Adsorption -- Peritoneal Dialysis: Biologic and Mass Transfer Considerations -- Factors Affecting Solute Transport -- Relationship Between Clearance and Mass Removal Rate Among Various Renal Replacement Therapies -- Clearance as a Dialyzer Performance Parameter -- Whole-Blood Clearance -- Blood Water and Plasma Clearance -- Dialysate-Side Clearance -- Whole-Body Clearance -- References -- 3: The Demographics of Dialysis in Children -- Introduction -- Sources of Demographic Data on Pediatric Dialysis Patients -- Incidence and Prevalence -- Access to Dialysis Around the World -- Effect of Era on the Incidence and Prevalence of ESKD in Children -- Effect of Age on the Incidence of RRT and Treatment Modality -- Primary Kidney Disease Diagnosis -- Mortality Risk -- Conclusion -- References -- 4: Chronic Dialysis in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Economic Indicators -- Epidemiology of Renal Replacement Therapy in Developing Countries -- Demographics of the ESRD Population in Developing Countries -- Challenges Faced by Developing Countries in the Provision of Pediatric RRT -- Conclusion -- References -- 5: Organization and Management of a Pediatric Dialysis Program -- Introduction -- Operational Management -- Facility Culture and Organization -- Physical Space Needs.
• Staffing the Unit -- Billing and Regulatory Guidelines -- Care Implementation -- Modality Selection -- Patient/Family Education -- Patient Care Plans -- Patient and Family Support -- Transition and Transfer of Care -- Quality Improvement and Safety -- Oversight and Ongoing Operations -- Conclusion -- References -- 6: Role of the Advanced Practice Provider in a Pediatric Dialysis Program -- Introduction -- History of the Advanced Practice Provider (APP) -- Nurse Practitioner -- Physician Assistant -- Orientation for the APP -- The APP in the Dialysis Unit -- Role of the APP in Hemodialysis -- Role of the APP in Peritoneal Dialysis -- Role of the APP in Critical Care Nephrology -- Billing Practices for the APP -- The Role of the APP in Transitions of Care -- CKD-ESKD -- Dialysis to Transplant -- Pediatric to Adult Care -- The Role of the APP in Improving Patient Outcomes -- Conclusion -- References -- 7: Quality Improvement Strategies and Outcomes in Pediatric Dialysis -- Introduction -- Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Performance Measures -- Oversight of Centers for Medicaid and Medicare (CMS) and State Regulations -- Quality Assessment and Performance Improvement Program -- Networks -- The ESRD Quality Incentive Program of the USA -- Consolidated Renal Operations in a Web-Enabled Network (CROWNWeb) -- National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) -- Dialysis Facility Report (DFR) -- Dialysis Facility Compare -- Developing a Quality Assessment Performance Improvement (QAPI) Program -- Challenges for the Small Pediatric Program -- Quality Improvement Design -- What Is the Problem? -- Quality Improvement Methodology -- What Are We Trying to Accomplish? -- How Will We Know a Change Is an Improvement? -- What Changes Can We Make That Will Result in Improvement? -- Plan -- Do -- Study -- Act -- Sustainability -- Conclusion -- References.
• 8: Antibiotic Stewardship in the Pediatric Dialysis Unit -- Introduction -- Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Children -- Common Pathogens in Pediatric Dialysis Patients -- Negative Consequences of Antibiotic Use -- Antibiotic Use in Children -- Antibiotic Use in Dialysis Patients -- Antimicrobial Stewardship -- Antimicrobial Stewardship Strategies -- Inpatient -- Outpatient -- Dialysis Specific -- Diagnostics -- Hemodialysis -- Peritoneal Dialysis -- Infection Prevention -- Vaccination -- Summary -- References -- Part II: Considerations Around the Initiation of Dialysis -- 9: The Decision to Initiate Dialysis in Children and Adolescents -- Introduction -- Methodology for Measuring Kidney Function -- Predialysis Patient Monitoring and Preparation for Dialysis -- Indications for Initiating Dialysis -- Absolute Indications for Initiating Dialysis -- Relative Indications for Initiating Dialysis -- Uremic Symptoms -- Hyperkalemia -- Hyperphosphatemia -- Malnutrition -- Growth Failure -- Timing of Elective Dialysis Initiation -- Estimated GFR at Dialysis Initiation -- Consensus Statements Regarding Dialysis Initiation -- Arguments for Early ("Timely") Initiation -- Arguments for Delayed Initiation -- Choice of Mode of Dialysis -- References -- 10: Urological Issues in Pediatric Dialysis -- Introduction -- Urological Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease -- Posterior Urethral Valves -- Vesicoureteral Reflux in the Pediatric Dialysis Patient -- Neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction -- Bladder Augmentation and End-Stage Kidney Disease -- Prune Belly Syndrome -- Urological Issues in the Pretransplant Workup -- Nephrectomy -- Inguinal Hernias and Peritoneal Dialysis -- Stomas, Catheters, Vascular Access, and Incisions -- Summary -- References -- 11: Preservation of Residual Renal Function in Children Reaching End-Stage Renal Disease -- Introduction.
• Measurement of RRF -- Clinical Benefits of RRF -- General Risk Factors for Loss of Renal Function -- Specific Risk Factors for Loss of RRF in Patients on Dialysis -- Clinical Management Options to Slow CKD Progression and Preserve RRF on Dialysis -- Avoidance of Risk Factors -- Blood Pressure Control -- RAS Inhibition -- Diuretics -- Peritoneal Dialysis -- Hemodialysis -- Emerging Therapies -- Special Conditions -- References -- Part III: Peritoneal Dialysis -- 12: Peritoneal Access in Children Receiving Dialysis -- Peritoneal Dialysis Access -- Access Types -- Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation -- Omentectomy -- Fibrin Sealant -- Surgical Technique -- Laparoscopic Technique -- Open Technique -- Postimplantation Care -- Timing of Catheter Use -- Chronic Exit-Site Care -- Mechanical Complications -- Exit-Site Infection, Tunnel Infection, and Peritonitis -- PD Catheter Care Post-Kidney Transplantation -- Complications with PD Catheter Removal -- Conclusion -- References -- 13: Technical Aspects and Prescription of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children -- Introduction -- Update on PD Connection Technology -- Catheter-to-Transfer Set Connectors -- Transfer Set-to-Container Connection -- Transfer Sets -- Straight Transfer Set (the Standard Oreopoulos System) -- The Y-Set -- Peritoneal Dialysis Prescription -- The Peritoneal Dialysis System -- Peritoneal Microcirculation -- Peritoneal Membrane -- Dialysis Fluid Compartment -- Driving Forces of Solute and Water Exchange -- Diffusive Transport -- Ultrafiltration -- Convective Mass Transfer -- Peritoneal Membrane Function Tests -- Mass Transfer Area Coefficient -- Peritoneal Equilibration Test -- Standard Permeability Analysis -- Personal Dialysis Capacity Test -- Prescription of Peritoneal Fill Volume -- Prescription of Dwell Time -- Peritoneal Dialysis Methods and Regimens.
• Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) -- Automated Peritoneal Dialysis (APD) -- Nightly Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (NIPD) -- Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis (CCPD) -- Tidal Peritoneal Dialysis (TPD) -- Adapted APD -- Concluding Remarks -- Peritonitis in APD Patients -- Evaluation of the Adequacy of Peritoneal Dialysis Treatment -- Clearance of Small Solutes -- Clearance of Middle-Sized Molecules -- Fluid Balance -- The Role of Residual Renal Function in Treatment Adequacy -- Clinical Evaluation of PD Treatment Adequacy -- Monitoring PD Adequacy in the Clinical Setting -- Machines for Automated Peritoneal Dialysis -- Characteristics of Cyclers for Automated Peritoneal Dialysis -- Registration of Treatment Data -- Transmission of Treatment Data -- Monitoring of Patient Adherence to the Prescribed APD Treatment -- Strategies to Enhance Patient Adherence to PD Prescriptions -- Conclusions -- References -- 14: Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions -- Introduction -- Biocompatibility -- PD Solution Components -- Electrolyte Composition -- Calcium -- Magnesium -- Alternate PD Solutions and Membrane-Sparing Strategies -- Conclusion -- References -- 15: Peritoneal Dialysis During Infancy -- Introduction -- Incidence and Etiology -- Ethical Considerations: Should Dialysis Be Initiated? -- Peritoneal Dialysis Access -- Prescription -- Nutrition and Growth -- Complications -- Hospitalization and Long-Term Outcomes -- Conclusions -- References -- 16: Infectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Children -- Introduction -- Incidence of PD-Related Infections -- Microbiology of PD-Related Infections -- Peritonitis -- PD Catheter-Related Infections -- Risk Factors and Prevention -- Patient Age -- PD Catheter Design, Insertion, and Postoperative Exit-Site Care -- Training -- Chronic Exit-Site Care -- Touch Contamination -- Ostomies.
• Antibiotic and Antifungal Prophylaxis.
• Description based on print version record.