Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Altalhi, Tariq
• Alrooqi, Arwa

Titel

Handbook of Water Pollution

Auflage

1st ed

Ort / Verlag

Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,

Erscheinungsjahr

2024

Link zum Volltext

• Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Books

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Water Pollution -- 1.1 Pollution -- 1.2 What is Water Pollution? -- 1.3 Prevalence of Water Pollution -- 1.4 Categories of Water Pollution -- 1.4.1 Point Sources -- 1.4.2 Non-Point Sources -- 1.4.3 Transboundary Pollution -- 1.4.4 Problems Caused by Point and Non-Point Sources -- 1.5 Water Pollutants -- 1.5.1 Organic Pollutants -- 1.5.2 Inorganic Pollutants -- 1.5.3 Biological Pollutants -- 1.5.4 Radiological Pollutants -- 1.6 Kinds of Water Pollution -- 1.6.1 Groundwater Pollution -- 1.6.2 Domestic Water Pollution -- 1.6.3 River Water Pollution -- 1.6.4 Surface Water Pollution -- 1.7 Determination of Water Quality Parameters -- 1.7.1 pH -- 1.7.2 Color -- 1.7.3 Turbidity -- 1.7.4 Hardness -- 1.7.5 BOD -- 1.7.6 TDS -- 1.8 Sources of Water Pollution -- 1.8.1 Urbanization -- 1.8.2 Agriculture -- 1.8.3 Industrialization -- 1.8.4 Population Growth -- 1.8.5 Oil Spillage -- 1.9 Effects of Water Pollution on Humans and Animals -- 1.9.1 Diarrheal Diseases -- 1.9.2 Cholera -- 1.9.3 Microcystins -- 1.9.4 Sound Effects of Contamination of Water on Aquatic Animals -- 1.10 Prevention of Water Pollution -- 1.10.1 Strategies -- 1.10.1.1 Water Maintenance -- 1.10.1.2 Wastewater Treatment -- 1.10.1.3 Devices -- 1.10.1.4 Air Pollution Prevention -- 1.10.1.5 Organic Farming -- 1.10.1.6 Stormwater Management -- 1.10.1.7 Plastic Waste Reduction -- 1.10.1.8 Environmental Education -- 1.11 Control and Prevention of Water Pollution by Biotechnology -- 1.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Impact of Water Pollution &amp -- Perspective Techniques to Mitigate It: An Overview -- Graphical Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Causes of Water Pollution -- 2.2.1 Discharge -- 2.2.2 Oil Spill -- 2.2.3 Littering -- 2.2.4 Ship Demolition Waste -- 2.3 Effects of Water Pollution on Plant Growth.
• 2.4 Techniques of Treating Water Pollution -- 2.4.1 Techniques -- 2.4.1.1 Biofiltration -- 2.4.1.2 Rapid Sand Filter -- 2.4.1.3 Adsorption -- 2.4.1.4 Magnetic Extraction -- 2.4.1.5 Membrane Filtration -- 2.4.1.6 Electrocoagulation -- 2.4.1.7 Activated Sludge -- 2.4.2 Oil Spillage -- 2.4.2.1 Skimming -- 2.4.2.2 Organoclays -- 2.4.2.3 Grease Traps -- 2.4.2.4 Chemical Dispersant/Emulsifier -- 2.4.2.5 In Situ Burning (ISB) -- 2.4.2.6 Magnetic-Nanomaterials -- 2.4.3 Halogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbon -- 2.4.3.1 Bioremediation -- 2.4.3.2 Photocatalytic Degradation -- 2.4.3.3 Electrokinetic Remediation -- 2.4.3.4 Green Nano Remediation -- 2.5 Removal of Pollutants Through Different Nanomaterial -- 2.5.1 Disinfection -- 2.5.1.1 Silver Nanoparticles -- 2.5.1.2 TiO2 Nanoparticles -- 2.5.1.3 Carbon Nano Tubes -- 2.5.2 Desalination -- 2.5.3 Heavy Metal and Ion Removal -- 2.5.4 Organic Pollutant Removal -- 2.5.5 CNTs -- 2.5.6 TiO2 Nanoparticles -- 2.5.7 Zero-Valent Iron -- 2.5.8 Other Nanomaterials -- 2.6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Pollution of Ground and Surface Waters with Agrochemicals -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 A Recounting of the Global Production and Consumption of Agrochemicals -- 3.2.1 Pesticides -- 3.2.2 Fertilizers -- 3.3 Characteristics of Agrochemicals -- 3.4 Occurrences and Levels of Pollution -- 3.4.1 Pollution of Groundwater -- 3.4.2 Pollution of Surface Waters -- 3.5 Fates of Agrochemicals in Ground and Surface Waters -- 3.6 Emerging Views and Perspectives -- 3.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4 Fecal Waste Drives Antimicrobial Resistance: Source Tracking, Wastewater Discriminant Analysis and Management -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Antibiotics/ARB/ARGs: Source Tracking -- 4.3 Fecal Pollution and the Public Health Risks -- 4.3.1 Public Health Risks and Environmental Impacts.
• 4.4 Fecal Indicator Bacteria and Discriminant Analysis -- 4.5 Management Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance -- 4.5.1 Technologies Towards ARB/ARGs Removal from Wastewater -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5 Harmful Effects of Water Pollution -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Physical Factors -- 5.2.1 Temperature -- 5.2.2 Heat -- 5.2.3 Suspended Solids -- 5.2.4 Colour -- 5.3 Chemical Factors -- 5.3.1 Lowering of Dissolved Oxygen -- 5.3.2 Oxygen Demanding Material in Water Bodies -- 5.3.2.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) -- 5.3.2.2 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) -- 5.3.3 Eutrophication -- 5.3.4 Chemicals Affecting Human Health -- 5.3.4.1 Fluoride -- 5.3.4.2 Nitrate -- 5.3.4.3 Petrochemicals and Chlorinated Solvents -- 5.3.4.4 Pesticides -- 5.3.5 Acidity (pH) -- 5.3.6 Nitrification -- 5.3.7 Acid Rain -- 5.3.8 Characteristics of Pollutants in Stationary Water Bodies -- 5.3.9 Nanoparticles -- 5.3.10 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) -- 5.3.11 Heavy Metals -- 5.3.11.1 Mercury -- 5.3.11.2 Arsenic -- 5.3.11.3 Lead -- 5.3.12 Salts -- 5.3.13 Radioactive Materials -- 5.3.14 Oils and Grease -- 5.3.15 Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) -- 5.4 Biological Factors -- 5.4.1 Ecology of Stationary Water Bodies -- 5.4.2 Algal Blooms -- 5.4.3 Pathogenic Organisms -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Parasites: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Pathogens -- 6.2 Method of Analysis -- 6.2.1 Sampling Preparations and Procedures -- 6.2.2 Sampling for Parasites -- 6.3 Methods to Find Concentration of Parasites -- 6.3.1 Sedgwick Rafter Method -- 6.3.2 Method of Centrifuge -- 6.3.3 Method of Using Millipore Filter -- 6.4 Procedures for Enumeration of Parasites -- 6.4.1 Standardizing of Tiles Whipple Micron Meter -- 6.4.1.1 Reporting in Cubic Standard Units.
• 6.4.2 Drop Method for Counting -- 6.5 Waterborne Protozoan Parasites -- 6.6 Protozoan Parasite Testing in Water -- 6.7 Waterborne Helminths -- 6.8 Water Treatment -- 6.8.1 Chemical Treatment -- 6.8.1.1 Chlorination -- 6.8.1.2 Method of Chloramination -- 6.8.1.3 Method of Applying Chlorine Dioxide -- 6.8.1.4 Ozonation -- 6.8.2 Physical Treatment -- 6.8.2.1 Treatment Using the Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation -- 6.8.3 Treatment Using Mechanical Method -- 6.8.3.1 Method of Membrane Filter -- 6.8.3.2 Radiation -- 6.9 Nanotechnology -- 6.9.1 Silver (Ag) -- 6.9.2 Chitosan -- 6.9.3 Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) -- 6.9.4 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) -- 6.9.5 Fullerenes -- 6.9.6 Nanotubes of Carbon -- 6.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 Oils: Source, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Oils Causing Pollution and Their Sources -- 7.3 Method of Analysis -- 7.4 Treatment -- 7.4.1 Treatment Requirements -- 7.4.2 Waste Reduction -- 7.4.3 Management of Cutting Fluids -- 7.4.4 Overview of Treatment Methods -- 7.4.5 Physical Treatment -- 7.4.5.1 Gravity Separation Systems (Separators) -- 7.4.5.2 Hydrocyclones -- 7.4.5.3 Air Flotation -- 7.4.5.4 Membrane Filtration -- 7.4.5.5 Activated Carbon Adsorption -- 7.4.5.6 Filtration (Membranes, Meshes, and Fibers) -- 7.4.5.7 Evaporation -- 7.4.6 Chemical Treatment -- 7.4.6.1 Coagulation and Flocculation -- 7.4.6.2 Electrocoagulation -- 7.4.6.3 Oxidation Technologies -- 7.4.7 Biological Treatments -- 7.4.8 Latest Treatment Trends -- 7.4.8.1 Biological Treatment -- 7.4.8.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) -- 7.4.8.3 Membrane Separation Technology -- 7.4.8.4 Coagulation/Flocculation Technology -- 7.4.8.5 Sorption Technology -- 7.4.9 Treatment Costs -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Phosphate: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sources of Phosphate Pollution in Water.
• 8.3 Method of Analysis -- 8.4 Phosphate Removal Treatment -- 8.4.1 Phosphate Removal through Lanthanum and Lanthanum Composite -- 8.4.2 Phosphate Removal by Nanomaterial and Nano Composite -- 8.4.3 Phosphate Removal through Iron and Iron Composite -- 8.4.4 Phosphate Removal by Metal Composite -- 8.4.5 Phosphate Removal by Zirconium and Its Composite -- 8.4.6 Phosphate Removal by Biochar and Biochar-Based Composite -- 8.4.7 Phosphate Removal by Aluminum Oxide Its Composite-Based Absorbent -- 8.4.8 Phosphate Removal by Calcium -- 8.4.9 Phosphate Removal by Organic Metal Framework -- 8.4.10 Phosphate Removal by Waste-Based Adsorbent -- 8.4.11 Phosphate Removal by Clay and Clay Composites -- 8.4.12 Phosphate Removal by Bioremediation -- 8.4.13 Phosphate Removal by Natural Polymer and Its Composite -- 8.4.14 Phosphate Removal by Advanced Methods -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Endocrine Disruptors: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Definition of Endocrine Disruptors -- 9.1.2 Main Endocrine Disruptors -- 9.1.2.1 Classification Based on the EU Regulations for REACH -- 9.1.2.2 Other Classifications -- 9.1.3 Human Exposure to EDCs -- 9.1.4 Impact of EDCs on Human Health -- 9.2 Parabens: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.2.1 Sources -- 9.2.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.2.3 Treatment of Parabens -- 9.3 Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.3.1 Sources -- 9.3.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.3.3 Treatment -- 9.4 Bisphenols: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.4.1 Sources -- 9.4.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.4.3 Treatment -- 9.5 Phthalates: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.5.1 Sources -- 9.5.2 Analysis -- 9.5.3 Treatment of Phthalates -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10 Water Pollution by Heavy Metals and Their Impact on Human Health.
• Abbreviations.
• Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.