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Intro -- Contents -- Herodotean Soundings -- Close readings: Linguistic, narratological and philosophical perspectives -- Just Who is Cambyses? -- 1 Overview: the Cambyses logos-doubles, identity, recognition -- 2 Whose Version? Adopting a Persian viewpoint (chs. 1-3) -- 3 Halicarnassian guides (chs. 4-10) -- 4 Pitying Psammenitus (ch. 3.14) -- 5 Whose curiosity? The Ethiopian logos (chs. 17-25) -- 6 Recognizing divinity: Apis (chs. 27-9) -- 7 Who's laughing now? Mocking agalmata (ch. 37) -- 8 Proofs of Madness (chs. 38 and 34-5) -- 9 Cambyses, c'est moi (ch. 64-5) -- 10 What caused the madness of Herodotus' Cambyses? -- 11 Conclusion and Further Directions -- Summary -- Challenge -- Forward -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Herodotus' verbal strategies to depict Cambyses' abnormality -- 1 Forward-oriented discourse deixis, and zooming in on horrifying details -- 2 Stress on Cambyses' nonverbal and verbal illogicality -- 3 The contrast with judicious logos (epilogue of the story) -- 4 Negative markers and counterfactual conditionals: allusions to 'normal' counterparts -- 5 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Relativism in Herodotus -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Distinguishing Relativisms -- 3 Crimes in a Foreign Land: Cultural Relativism and the Judgement of Cambyses -- 4 Judging other Cultures: Herodotus on Babylon -- 5 Relativising the Gods and the Holy: Epistemological and Theological Relativism in Herodotus -- 6 Knowledge about the Divine: Positive Knowledge -- 7 Tradition and the Ethnos -- 8 Clash: Scythians and Greeks -- 9 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- The Cambyses logos and other sources on the conquest of Egypt -- Perception and Reception of Cambyses as Conqueror and King of Egypt -- 1 Basal source criticism.
1.1 The contemporary perception of Cambyses: major challenges -- 1.2 Primary sources (I) for Cambyses' (conquest of and) rule over Egypt -- 1.3 Secondary sources (II) for Cambyses' conquest of and rule over Egypt -- 1.3.1 Secondary sources IIa: same chronological, close spatial/cultural context -- Secondary sources IIb: close chronological, same spatial/cultural context -- Secondary sources IIc: same chronological, different spatial/cultural context -- 1.3.2 Secondary sources IId: different chronological, same spatial/cultural context -- 1.4 Tertiary sources (III) for Cambyses' conquest of and rule over Egypt -- Tertiary sources IIIa: wider chronological and different spatial/cultural context -- Tertiary sources IIIb: wider spatial/cultural and a different chronological context -- Tertiary sources IIIc: completely different cultural context -- 2 The primary and secondary sources reconsidered -- 2.1 The primary sources -- Sources from the local administration (I.5-7) -- Sources from the royal administration (I.3-4) -- The sacral sources relating to the Apis cult (I.1-2) -- 2.2 The secondary sources -- The sale contract of an "Egyptian from his booty" from Babylon (IIa.1) -- The Bisutun inscription DB I.28-43 / 10-11 (IIb.1) -- The statues of Udjahorresnet (IIb.2-3) -- The Wadi Hammamat inscription of Atiyawahi from year 12 of Xerxes I (IIb.4) -- IIc sources -- The "petition of Peteese" on pRylands IX (IId.1) -- The Aramaic letters from Elephantine TADAE A4.6-9 (IId.2-5) -- 3 Crossover to the tertiary sources: Herodotus' account reconsidered -- 3.1 Herodotus' informants -- 3.2 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Cambyses the Egyptian? -- 1 Cambyses and Amasis in Egyptian sources -- 1.1 P. Cairo CG 50059 -- 1.2 P. Rylands 9 -- 1.3 P. Bib. Nat. Paris 215 -- 1.4 TAD A4.7-8.
2 Cambyses vs. Amasis -- 3 Darius vs. Cambyses -- 4 Herodotus vs. Cambyses -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- A comparative look at the post-Herodotean Cambyses -- 1 Herodotus' Heritage? The paradigm of a mad king -- 1.1 Cambyses' position between two more highly regarded kings -- 1.2 Cambyses' worst acts of violence directed against the human body and the killing of the Apis -- 2 A post-Herodotean Cambyses apart from Herodotus? -- 2.1 The destruction and plundering of the Egyptian sanctuaries -- 2.2 The campaign against the Ammonians -- 2.3 The ambiguous assessment of Cambyses' campaign against the Ethiopians -- 3 Appendix -- 3.1 A glimpse at the variety of facts and names in the stories on Cambyses' family, his conquest of Egypt and his final destiny -- 3.2 Cambyses' Egyptian campaign -- 3.3 Cambyses' final destiny and the reign of the Magi -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Geopolitical dimensions of the Cambyses logos -- On the historical and archaeological background of Cambyses' alliance with Arab tribes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Herodotus' report on the alliance -- 3 The Annals of Esarhaddon and the credibility of Herodotus -- 4 Arabia-an overview -- 5 The silver hoard from Tell el-Maskhuta and its implications for Cambyses' campaign -- 6 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- An "Ammonian Tale" -- 1 Herodotus' testimonies on the Persian Expedition against the Ammonians -- 1.1 The passages concerning the expedition in Herodotus, Book 3 -- 1.2 The two sources of Herodotus and the objective of the Persian expedition -- 2 The territory of the Ammonians at the end of the 6th century BC: the strategical motivations of Cambyses -- 2.1 The Southern Oasis as a zone of rebellion.
2.2 The territory of the Ammonians as a prosperous march between Egypt and Libya -- 3 Political memories of the Western Desert and the Herodotean account -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- The revolt of Petubastis IV during the reigns of Cambyses and Darius -- 1 When did the revolt of Petubastis IV commence? -- 2 What was the purpose of Cambyses' desert expedition? -- 3 Who were the Ammonians? -- 4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Pindaric 'arrows' in Herodotus: Ψάμμος (Hdt. 3.26) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Campaign against the Ammonians: Two Interpretations -- 3 Analyzing Linguistic Aspects and Circumstantial Evidence -- 3.1 The explicit Reference to Pindar in Hdt. 3.38.4 and Thebes -- 3.2 The preceding context: Hdt. 3.25 -- 3.3 The campaign against the Ammonians (Hdt. 3.26.1-3)-and Pindar again -- 4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Cambyses and the Egyptian Temples -- Cambyses' Attitude towards Egyptian Temples in Contemporary Texts and Later Sources -- 1 Reconsidering the time factor as told in Herodotus -- 2 The reason for Egypt's conquest -- 3 The Conquest of Egypt -- 4 Continuity and Reorganization of Religion and Bureaucracy -- 5 Cambyses' Atrocities against Egyptian religious institutes and temples-Fiction or truth? -- 5.1 The Persian Arrival at Thebes -- 5.2 The Campaign of Cambyses against the Ethiopians -- 5.3 The Campaign against the Ammonians -- 5.4 The Murder of the Apis Bull -- 5.5 Cambyses and the Temple of Ptah -- 5.6 Persian rulers purported to have destroyed temples -- 5.7 The Aramaic Papyri Cowley 30, 31 (TADAE A 4.7 recto 14, TADAE A 4.8 recto 12-13) -- 5.8 Biblical Texts: Jeremiah 43 -- 6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Abbreviations -- Cambyses' Decree and the destruction of Egyptian temples.
1 The Herodotean Cambyses -- 2 The verso of the 'Demotic Chronicle' -- 3 The 'law of the temple' -- 4 The text of Cambyses' decree -- 5 The implication of Cambyses' decree -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- Cambyses and the sanctuary of Ptah -- Bibliography -- Editions of classical authors -- References -- List of Contributors -- Index nominum, rerum et locorum -- Index fontium.