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8.2.1.1.2 Suture configuration/geometry -- 8.2.1.1.3 Needle type -- 8.2.1.1.4 Surface features -- 8.2.1.1.5 Surface coatings -- 8.2.1.2 Physical attributes -- 8.2.1.2.1 Absorbability of sutures -- 8.2.1.2.2 Engineering of mechanical performance -- 8.2.1.2.2.1 Tensile strength. -- 8.2.1.2.2.2 Knot strength. -- 8.2.1.2.2.3 Stiffness and flexibility. -- 8.2.1.2.2.4 Elasticity and plasticity. -- 8.2.1.2.2.5 Coefficient of friction. -- 8.2.1.2.2.6 Capillarity. -- 8.2.1.2.2.7 Memory. -- 8.2.1.2.2.8 Comparisons of mechanical performances of few sutures. -- 8.2.1.3 Biological attributes -- 8.2.1.3.1 Capillarity, biofilms and bacterial attacks -- 8.2.1.3.2 Tissue responses and adhesions -- 8.2.1.3.3 Influence of pH of body fluid -- 8.3 Broadening the functionality of sutures -- 8.3.1 Engineering drug-eluting sutures -- 8.3.1.1 Choosing the right technique of fabrication -- 8.3.1.2 Choosing the right polymer -- 8.3.1.3 Choosing the right technique of postprocessing -- 8.4 Conclusions -- References -- 9 - Revisiting the properties of suture materials: an overview -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Characteristics of sutures -- 9.2 Types of suture materials and examples -- 9.2.1 Absorbable sutures -- 9.2.2 Non-absorbable sutures -- 9.2.2.1 Silk suture -- 9.2.2.2 Nylon -- 9.2.2.3 Polypropylene -- 9.2.2.4 Polybutester - novafil -- 9.2.2.5 Stainless steel non-absorbable sutures -- 9.2.3 Emerging alternatives to conventional sutures -- 9.2.3.1 Staples -- 9.2.3.2 Absorbable staples -- 9.2.3.3 Non-absorbable staples -- 9.2.3.4 Tissue adhesives -- 9.3 Suture materials and their properties: recent advances -- 9.3.1 Silk-based sutures -- 9.3.2 Poly(ε-caprolactone) based sutures -- 9.3.3 Polyamide-based sutures -- 9.3.4 Collagen-based sutures -- 9.3.5 Polyurethane-based sutures -- 9.3.6 Polypropylene sutures -- 9.3.7 Chitosan-based sutures -- 9.3.8 Bio-based sutures.
9.4 Properties of suture materials: comparative analysis -- 9.4.1 Physico-mechanical properties -- 9.4.2 Biological properties -- 9.5 Micro and nanotechnology-enabled suture materials -- 9.6 Conclusions and future outlook -- References -- 10 - Suture materials, emerging trends -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Taxonomy of sutures -- 10.3 Absorbable and nonabsorbable suture materials -- 10.4 Monofilament, multifilament sutures and barbed sutures brands -- 10.5 Categories of absorbable sutures -- 10.5.1 Catgut sutures -- 10.5.2 Chromic gut sutures -- 10.5.3 Polyglycolic acid sutures -- 10.5.4 Polydioxanone sutures -- 10.5.5 Poliglecaprone sutures -- 10.5.6 Polyglactin sutures -- 10.6 Slowly absorbable sutures -- 10.6.1 Polydioxanone (PDS II) -- 10.6.2 Polyglyconate (Maxon) -- 10.6.3 Nonabsorbable sutures -- 10.6.4 Silk suture -- 10.6.5 Polymerized caprolactum suture (Supramid) -- 10.6.6 Polyester suture (Mersilene, Ethibond) -- 10.6.7 Nylon (Dermalon or Ethilon) -- 10.6.8 Polybutester (Novafil) -- 10.6.9 Polypropylene (Prolene) -- 10.6.10 Structurally coated and un-coated sutures -- 10.6.10.1 Coated sutures include -- 10.6.10.2 Un-coated sutures include -- 10.6.11 Application-based suture categories -- 10.7 New trends in sutures -- 10.7.1 Knotless barbed sutures -- 10.7.2 Antibacterial sutures -- 10.7.3 Stem cell seeded suture -- 10.7.4 Smart sutures: electronic/elastic sutures -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- 11 - Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of polymer sutures -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Classification of sutures -- 11.2.1 Origin based classification -- 11.2.2 Material based classification -- 11.2.3 Classification based on size -- 11.2.4 Classification based on physical configuration -- 11.3 Necessary characteristics of suture materials -- 11.3.1 Physical and mechanical properties -- 11.3.2 Handling properties.
11.3.3 Biological properties.
Polymeric materials offer a high level of versatility due to the range of applications possible within the biomedical and clinical fields – including wound closure - particularly in comparison to metals or ceramics. These specialised materials also allow for a diverse array of therapeutic effects. Although there have been advances in improving polymeric materials for surgical sutures, there is little information available regarding improving the therapeutic value of sutures, and advanced technologies used to implement this improvement. Advanced Technologies and Polymer Materials for Surgical Sutures provides thorough coverage on suture materials with improved mechanical and therapeutic properties that can improve quality of life; chapter topics include drug-releasing kinetics of sutures, shape memory polymer sutures and future trends. This book is a useful resource for academics and researchers in the materials science and biomedical engineering fields, as well as professionals in biomaterials and biotextiles development and clinicians looking to learn more about suture material properties and suture/body interactions.