Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,

Titel

Redesigning Ireland's transport for net zero : towards systems that work for people and the planet

Auflage

1st ed

Ort / Verlag

Paris, France : OECD Publishing,

Erscheinungsjahr

[2022]

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Includes bibliographical references.
• Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Executive summary -- Key findings -- Key recommendations -- Abbreviations -- 1 Overview -- References -- Notes -- 2 Envision -- 2.1. Transport systems with mobility as their goal -- 2.2. Transport systems with sustainable accessibility as their goal -- 2.3. Insights from Irish stakeholders: are sustainable transport systems possible in Ireland? -- References -- Notes -- 3 Understand -- 3.1. What are the key dynamics underlying Ireland's car-dependent system? -- 3.1.1. Induced car demand -- 3.1.2. Urban sprawl -- 3.1.3. Sustainable modes low-attractiveness trap -- 3.2. Are Irish policies transformative? -- 3.2.1. A framework to categorise policies according to their intent and transformative potential -- Assessing policies' intent -- Assessing policies' transformative potential -- 3.2.2. Applying the framework: policy assessment results -- EV incentives for private cars -- The rebound effect may reduce the benefits of EV incentives in terms of emission reductions -- EV incentives may reinforce urban sprawl -- EV incentives may reinforce car-centric mental models and the idea of an unjust green transition -- EV replacement may take longer than expected -- Budget reallocation in favour of public transport and active modes compared to car infrastructure -- The budget reallocation may slow down the sustainable modes low attractiveness trap, but is unlikely to reverse it -- The budget reallocation still reflects car-oriented planning -- Brownfield/infill development targets -- Efforts to improve public transport and active modes -- Existing infrastructure limits the potential of efforts to improve public and active transport to reverse the sustainable transport low-attractiveness trap -- Combining efforts to improve public and active modes with transformative policies can increase their potential.
• Carbon and road pricing -- Carbon pricing weakens induced demand but the effect is limited and may be reduced in the long-term -- Road pricing has a stronger effect on weakening induced demand but this is still not enough to reverse it -- Carbon and road pricing do not reduce an over-dimensioned stock of car-purposed road capacity -- Carbon and road pricing may reinforce the perception of climate action being unjust -- Road space reallocation and street redesign -- Road space reallocation "breaks" a link in the car-dependent system and leads to a new system structure -- Road space reallocation addresses the over dimensioned stock of car-purposed capacity -- Road space reallocation may facilitate a change in mental models -- Mainstreaming on-demand shared services -- Mainstreaming on-demand shared services contribute to changing the structure of the system -- Mainstreaming on-demand shared services can reduce the vehicle stock and increase the effectiveness of electrification efforts -- Communication efforts -- Communication efforts can increase feasibility for implementing other transformative policies -- Reducing the "stock" of car-centric communication is as important as increasing communication promoting sustainable modes -- References -- Notes -- 4 Redesign -- 4.1. Realign sub-targets with systemic transformation -- 4.1.1. Revisit the weight given to different efforts -- 4.1.2. Revisit targets and redefine success -- 4.2. Align decision processes, modelling and evidence with a systemic approach -- 4.3. Reallocate public space for transforming the different territories across Ireland -- 4.3.1. Create a nationwide narrative for streets and roads -- Develop a new framework for road classification and planning -- Create indicators to measure progress, set targets and track benefits -- Embed the new narrative and tools in planning practice.
• 4.3.2. Enhance local capacity -- 4.4. Scale up shared on-demand services to boost the delivery of sustainable accessibility -- 4.4.1. Integrate shared on-demand services as part of transport strategic planning -- Incorporating service hubs -- 4.4.2. Regulate services to maximise social benefits -- Avoiding regulation that inhibits the development of services or MaaS -- Ensuring social value -- Addressing exclusive occupancy as an inefficient use of public space -- 4.4.3. Increase the financial viability of shared on-demand services -- Targeting subsidies to vulnerable areas and groups -- Creating a cross-governmental programme -- Ensuring funding for further innovation -- 4.4.4. Create awareness, acceptance and relevant skills -- 4.5. Refocus the electrification strategy to support high well-being and low emissions -- 4.5.1. Coordinate and consistently communicate the aim of transport electrification efforts -- 4.5.2. Reassess priorities for providing incentives -- 4.5.3. Revisit policy for commercially owned cars and employee travel -- 4.5.4. Embed EV policy in a wider policy framework aimed at reducing car travel -- 4.5.5. Integrate life-cycle emissions and wider social and environmental impacts into policy and communication with the public -- 4.5.6. Revisit priorities for EV charging strategy -- Ensure that charging infrastructure supports shared and on-demand services and reduced private car use -- 4.6. Steer compact growth policy towards tackling the causes of sprawl -- 4.6.1. Improve government capacity to support, guide and monitor brownfield redevelopment -- Improve understanding of different types of brownfield area -- Ensure social value and compact growth goals -- Plan for necessary greenfield development -- Revisit the tax structure -- 4.6.2. Leverage housing programmes to steer demand for more central and mixed-use living.
• 4.7. Communicate the benefits of sustainable transport systems and enable people to experience them -- 4.7.1. Develop a whole-government communication strategy for car independence -- Making systems thinking and cognitive science findings central to the strategy design -- Leveraging tactical urbanism -- 4.7.2. Regulate communication that reinforces car-centric mindsets -- 4.8. Rethink governance for transformational change -- 4.8.1. Take an integrated approach and embrace collaborative approaches -- 4.8.2. Multi-level governance for transformative change in the transport sector -- Current governance arrangements and challenges -- Functional wide area/metropolitan transport authorities -- References -- Notes -- Annex A. Glossary of terms -- References -- Annex B. Database of Irish actions classified by their transformative potential -- Annex C. List of stakeholders consulted in interviews and workshops -- Annex D. Detailed causal loop diagram of the Irish transport system.
• Current mobility patterns in Ireland are incompatible with the country's target to halve emissions in the transport sector by 2030. While important, electrification and fuel efficiency improvements in vehicles are insufficient to meet Ireland's ambitious target: large behavioural change in the direction of sustainable modes and travel reductions are needed.
• Description based on print version record.