Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• OECD
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,
• Fund, United Nations Capital Development
• United Nations Capital Development Fund,

Titel

Blended Finance in the Least Developed Countries 2020 Supporting a Resilient COVID-19 Recovery

Ort / Verlag

Paris : OECD Publishing,

Erscheinungsjahr

2020

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Editorial -- Abbreviations and acronyms -- Executive summary -- An Action Agenda to harness the potential of blended finance for the least developed countries -- References -- Key facts on blended finance in LDCs (Infographic) -- An Action Agenda to harness the potential of blended finance for the LDCs (Infographic) -- 1. Key findings and Action Agenda -- 1.1. The challenges in least developed countries prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis -- 1.2. The progress made in blended finance for least developed countries prior to COVID-19 -- 1.3. The coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis makes the challenges in least developed countries even greater -- 1.4. Key opportunities for blended finance to tackle the COVID-19 crisis in least developed countries -- 1.5. An Action Agenda to harness the potential of blended finance for least developed countries -- 1. Support domestic financial ecosystems and market development -- 1.1 Examine a project's systemic effects on the overall market -- 1.2 Support local capacity-building to improve the enabling environment -- 1.3 Develop local capital markets, promoting local currency financing solutions and greater mobilisation of local investors -- 1.4 Strengthen the role of national development banks in deploying blended finance -- 2. Design blended finance solutions to reach the "last mile" -- 2.1 Focus on risk mitigation tools -- 2.2 Engage local stakeholders to identify project opportunities in line with local needs -- 2.3 Target the "missing-middle" enterprises -- 2.4 Employ digital financial solutions -- 2.5 Ensure the accessibility and affordability of products and services delivered through blended finance investments -- 3. Improve impact management and measurement and promote transparency -- 3.1 Improve impact management and measurement practices.
• 3.2 Increase the transparency of existing investments -- 3.3 Promote collaboration and the sharing of knowledge, best practices and lessons learned -- 4. Bring blended finance to large scale through systemic and transformational approaches -- 4.1 Incorporate blended finance into co-ordinated multilateral crisis response and national recovery plans -- 4.2 Adopt a portfolio approach (through vehicles, platforms) for scalable solutions -- 4.3 Prioritise scalable projects in sectors driving an inclusive, sustainable, green and resilient recovery -- References -- Notes -- 2. Financing sustainable development in least developed countries -- 2.1. Least developed countries continue to face stark challenges across development and well-being dimensions -- 2.2. Least developed countries faced severe SDG financing gaps even before the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis -- 2.3. Impacts of and responses to coronavirus (COVID-19) in least developed countries -- 2.3.1. COVID-19 health impacts are unfolding in LDCs at an uncertain yet alarming pace -- 2.3.2. The COVID-19 crisis is taking a heavy toll on LDCs' economies -- 2.3.3. Other social impacts in LDCs due to COVID-19 -- 2.3.4. The responses, both domestic and international, in LDCs have been limited -- References -- Notes -- 3. The role of blended finance in the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis response and recovery in least developed countries -- 3.1. The role of blended finance in responding to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis: a phased approach -- 3.1.1. Immediate and short-term response -- 3.1.2. Medium- to long-term response -- 3.1.3. Managing risk will be critical to use blended finance effectively in LDCs -- 3.2. Key areas of focus for building forward better -- 3.2.1. Attract investment in line with national SDG priorities -- 3.2.2. Get people back to work in decent, sustainable jobs.
• 3.2.3. Focus on small and medium-sized enterprises -- 3.2.4. Systematically support women and girls to accelerate the recovery -- 3.2.5. Support health systems -- 3.2.6. Target sectors that are critical for inclusive, resilient and sustainable development -- References -- Note -- 4. The state of blended finance in least developed countries (2012-2018) -- 4.1. Least developed countries continue to receive the lowest share (although increasing in volume) of private finance mobilised by official development finance interventions -- 4.2. Multilateral institutions mobilise the largest amounts of private finance in least developed countries -- 4.3. Least developed countries in Eastern and Eestern Africa receive the largest amounts of private finance mobilised -- 4.4. Private finance was mobilised in two additional least developed countries in 2018 -- 4.5. Most private finance mobilised in least developed countries is concentrated in the energy, banking and financial services sectors -- References -- Notes -- 5. Blended finance in least developed countries in practice: guest contributions -- 5.1. Ensuring country ownership in blended finance: a perspective from Bangladesh -- 5.1.1. Lack of country ownership -- 5.1.2. Targeting blended finance to MSMEs and leaving no one behind -- 5.1.3. Mobilising blended finance in priority sectors: a case in point -- 5.2. The IFC's blended concessional finance for the most challenging markets -- 5.2.1. A shift in IFC's blended finance activities -- 5.2.2. Blended finance solutions in LICs and LDCs -- 5.2.3. Development impact and COVID-19 solutions -- 5.3. An efficient and scalable approach for blended finance, focused on least developed countries -- 5.4. Providing additionality through investment in different commercial scenarios.
• 5.4.1. Donor capital use case 1: de-risk investment into a commercially viable - yet unproven - asset class -- 5.4.2. Donor capital use case 2: attract investment into a non-commercially viable - yet developmentally critical - asset class -- 5.4.3. Donors should evaluate the commercial viability of the underlying investment in a blended finance vehicle and weigh it against the development impact they want to achieve -- 5.5. Four ways to refresh blended finance in the wake of coronavirus (COVID-19) -- 5.5.1. Building up resilient systems -- 5.5.2. Being responsible and thoughtful actors -- 5.5.3. Opening up the gated community -- 5.5.4. Creating strategic convergence and synergy -- 5.6. Taking blended finance to large scale by developing market systems -- 5.7. How the digital revolution is transforming blended finance solutions that reach the last mile -- 5.8. Cities and blended finance in the aftermath of coronavirus (COVID-19) -- 5.8.1. Problem: the existential dilemma of urbanisation finance -- 5.8.2. How blended finance can help (potentially) -- 5.9. How blended finance can support the development of local capital markets in least developed countries -- 5.9.1. Leveraging public sector donor capital to provide guarantees to local investors -- 5.9.2. Using PIDG technical assistance to provide grants to support capacity building workshops for local investors -- 5.9.3. Developing local currency guarantors to support the development of local capital markets -- 5.10. Addressing the "missing middle" challenge in least developed countries -- 5.11. Out of the shadows into the limelight: national development banks as key actors in the decade of action -- 5.11.1. Growing recognition of the key role of national development banks -- 5.11.2. Supporting the transition to climate-smart growth -- 5.11.3. Realising the potential of NDBs: three preconditions.
• Good governance -- Well-resourced NDBs -- International support -- An agenda for action -- 5.12. Promoting transparency in blended finance -- References -- Notes -- Annexes -- Annex A. The least developed country category: criteria for inclusion and graduation -- Annex B. Financing sustainable development in least developed countries -- Development and well-being indicators: Least developed countries versus other developing countries -- Least developed countries' financing for sustainable development landscape: an overview -- Financing for sustainable development: LDCs versus other country groupings -- External finance in LDCs -- Development finance in LDCs -- References -- Notes -- Annex C. Methodological note.
• The least developed countries (LDCs) are the furthest from achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They are also likely to be hit the hardest by the COVID-19 crisis and badly need the additional private finance that blended finance can unlock. Yet evidence shows that too little private finance is mobilised for investment in LDCs. How can this be fixed?.
• Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.