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Ovarian germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare tumors affecting predominantly girls or young women. Primitive GCTs comprise dysgerminomas and nondysgerminomatous GCT, which include yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, polyembryoma, nongestational choriocarcinoma, and mixed GCTs. Principles of diagnosis and treatment apply across all histological types. Cisplatin‐based chemotherapy represents the cornerstone of treatment. With the available current multidisciplinary approach, most women with ovarian GCTs are cured. Given the long life expectancy of survivors, current efforts are concentrated on minimizing long‐term toxicities, preserving fertility, and quality of life.