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Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change
Global change biology, 2019-01, Vol.25 (1), p.39-56
2019
Volltextzugriff (PDF)

Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Titel
Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change
Ist Teil von
  • Global change biology, 2019-01, Vol.25 (1), p.39-56
Ort / Verlag
England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
  • Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate‐induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long‐term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water‐deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large‐statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry‐affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet‐affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry‐affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate‐change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole‐community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large‐statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change. Tropical forests are getting hotter—and in places drying—but how are they responding to the changing climate? A new analysis assesses long‐term records of thousands of tree species from across the vast Amazon basin. The team of 102 researchers discovered subtle but troubling changes in forest communities since the 1980s: trees preferring the wettest conditions and humid understorey are now in decline. With drought‐resistant plants gaining too slowly to track the changing climate Amazon forests appear increasingly vulnerable.
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 1354-1013
eISSN: 1365-2486
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14413
Titel-ID: cdi_wageningen_narcis_oai_library_wur_nl_wurpubs_546004
Format
–
Schlagworte
bioclimatic niches, Biodiversity, Biodiversity and Ecology, Botanics, Brazil, Carbon Dioxide, Change detection, Climate Change, Community composition, Composition, compositional shifts, Density, Dry season, Dynamics, Ecology, environment, Ecosystem, Ecosystems, Environmental changes, Environmental impact, Environmental Sciences, Forests, functional traits, Life Sciences, Moisture stress, Mortality, Primary, Primary s, Seasons, Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, temporal trends, Trees, Trees - classification, Trees - physiology, Tropical Climate, Tropical environments, Tropical forests, Vegetal Biology, Water, Water deficit, Wood

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