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Preterm birth and risk of sleep-disordered breathing from childhood into mid-adulthood
Ist Teil von
International journal of epidemiology, 2019-12, Vol.48 (6), p.2039-2049
Ort / Verlag
England: Oxford University Press
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Oxford Journals 2020 Medicine
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Abstract
Background
Preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) has previously been associated with cardiometabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders into adulthood, but has seldom been examined in relation to sleep disorders. We conducted the first population-based study of preterm birth in relation to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) from childhood into mid-adulthood.
Methods
A national cohort study was conducted of all 4 186 615 singleton live births in Sweden during 1973–2014, who were followed for SDB ascertained from nationwide inpatient and outpatient diagnoses through 2015 (maximum age 43 years). Cox regression was used to examine gestational age at birth in relation to SDB while adjusting for other perinatal and maternal factors, and co-sibling analyses assessed for potential confounding by unmeasured shared familial factors.
Results
There were 171 100 (4.1%) persons diagnosed with SDB in 86.0 million person-years of follow-up. Preterm birth was associated with increased risk of SDB from childhood into mid-adulthood, relative to full-term birth (39–41 weeks) [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), ages 0–43 years: 1.43; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40, 1.46; P <0.001; ages 30–43 years: 1.40; 95% CI, 1.34, 1.47; P <0.001]. Persons born extremely preterm (<28 weeks) had more than 2-fold risks (aHR, ages 0–43 years: 2.63; 95% CI, 2.41, 2.87; P <0.001; ages 30–43 years: 2.22; 95% CI, 1.64, 3.01; P <0.001). These associations affected both males and females, but accounted for more SDB cases among males (additive interaction, P = 0.003). Co-sibling analyses suggested that these findings were only partly due to shared genetic or environmental factors in families.
Conclusions
Preterm-born children and adults need long-term follow-up for anticipatory screening and potential treatment of SDB.