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A comparison of 12 algorithms for matching on the propensity score
Statistics in medicine, 2014-03, Vol.33 (6), p.1057-1069
Austin, Peter C.
2014
Details
Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Austin, Peter C.
Titel
A comparison of 12 algorithms for matching on the propensity score
Ist Teil von
Statistics in medicine, 2014-03, Vol.33 (6), p.1057-1069
Ort / Verlag
England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2014
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Wiley Online Library
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Propensity‐score matching is increasingly being used to reduce the confounding that can occur in observational studies examining the effects of treatments or interventions on outcomes. We used Monte Carlo simulations to examine the following algorithms for forming matched pairs of treated and untreated subjects: optimal matching, greedy nearest neighbor matching without replacement, and greedy nearest neighbor matching without replacement within specified caliper widths. For each of the latter two algorithms, we examined four different sub‐algorithms defined by the order in which treated subjects were selected for matching to an untreated subject: lowest to highest propensity score, highest to lowest propensity score, best match first, and random order. We also examined matching with replacement. We found that (i) nearest neighbor matching induced the same balance in baseline covariates as did optimal matching; (ii) when at least some of the covariates were continuous, caliper matching tended to induce balance on baseline covariates that was at least as good as the other algorithms; (iii) caliper matching tended to result in estimates of treatment effect with less bias compared with optimal and nearest neighbor matching; (iv) optimal and nearest neighbor matching resulted in estimates of treatment effect with negligibly less variability than did caliper matching; (v) caliper matching had amongst the best performance when assessed using mean squared error; (vi) the order in which treated subjects were selected for matching had at most a modest effect on estimation; and (vii) matching with replacement did not have superior performance compared with caliper matching without replacement. © 2013 The Authors. Statistics in Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 0277-6715
eISSN: 1097-0258
DOI: 10.1002/sim.6004
Titel-ID: cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4285163
Format
–
Schlagworte
Algorithms
,
Bias
,
Biostatistics
,
computer algorithms
,
Computer Simulation
,
Estimating techniques
,
Humans
,
Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use
,
matching
,
Medical statistics
,
Medical treatment
,
Monte Carlo Method
,
Monte Carlo simulation
,
Monte Carlo simulations
,
Myocardial Infarction - drug therapy
,
Ontario
,
optimal matching
,
Patient Discharge
,
Practice Patterns, Physicians
,
propensity score
,
propensity-score matching
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