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Pharmacological chaperones improve intra-domain stability and inter-domain assembly via distinct binding sites to rescue misfolded CFTR
Ist Teil von
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2021-12, Vol.78 (23), p.7813-7829
Ort / Verlag
Cham: Springer International Publishing
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
SpringerLink (Online service)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Protein misfolding is involved in a large number of diseases, among which cystic fibrosis. Complex intra- and inter-domain folding defects associated with mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (
CFTR
) gene, among which p.Phe508del (F508del), have recently become a therapeutical target. Clinically approved correctors such as VX-809, VX-661, and VX-445, rescue mutant protein. However, their binding sites and mechanisms of action are still incompletely understood. Blind docking onto the 3D structures of both the first membrane-spanning domain (MSD1) and the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1), followed by molecular dynamics simulations, revealed the presence of two potential VX-809 corrector binding sites which, when mutated, abrogated rescue. Network of amino acids in the lasso helix 2 and the intracellular loops ICL1 and ICL4 allosterically coupled MSD1 and NBD1. Corrector VX-445 also occupied two potential binding sites on MSD1 and NBD1, the latter being shared with VX-809. Binding of both correctors on MSD1 enhanced the allostery between MSD1 and NBD1, hence the increased efficacy of the corrector combination. These correctors improve both intra-domain folding by stabilizing fragile protein–lipid interfaces and inter-domain assembly via distant allosteric couplings. These results provide novel mechanistic insights into the rescue of misfolded proteins by small molecules.