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La rivista del Nuovo cimento, 2014-01, Vol.37 (2), p.47-123
Ort / Verlag
Bologna: Società Italiana di Fisica
Erscheinungsjahr
2014
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Summary
Top quark physics is one of the pillars of fundamental research in the field of high-energy physics. It gives access to precision measurements for constraining the standard model of particles and interactions, but it also represents a privileged domain for new physics searches. This review summarizes the main results in top quark physics obtained with the two general-purpose detectors ATLAS and CMS during the first two years of operations of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. It covers the 2010 and 2011 data taking periods, where the LHC ran at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. After an introduction to the phenomenology of the top quark at hadron colliders and the experimental setup at the LHC, a review of the measurements performed by exploiting top quark pair and single top production will be presented. The results will be discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on the treatment of systematic errors, often dominating the experimental sensitivity, and will be compared with the expectations from theory. The review will conclude with a few examples of searches for new physics signals with signatures involving top quarks.