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Spatio-Temporal Variations and Effect of COVID-19 Led Lockdown on Urban Heat Island (UHI) and Urban Pollution Island (UPI) Over Delhi Region During 2017–2021
Ist Teil von
Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2024-02, Vol.52 (2), p.413-433
Ort / Verlag
New Delhi: Springer India
Erscheinungsjahr
2024
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The urban environment is at substantial risk due to the pace of urbanization. There are two major components of the urban environment viz.
urban heating
and
urban pollution
. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown provided a stability to the deteriorating environment and all associated parameters. The study focuses on understanding the changes in the surface urban heat island (SUHI) and atmospheric/near-surface urban pollution island phenomenon (AUPI/NSUPI) as a result of lockdown in 2020 and 2021 w.r.t. averaged values of 2017–19, through parameters like LST, AOD, NO
2
and PM
2.5
for the Delhi region (Delhi urban area or DUA and non-urban area surrounding DUA) using in situ and remote sensing satellite measurements. A remarkable reduction in mean daytime/nighttime LST (1.99 °C/1.80 °C) using MODIS datasets and 5.46 °C using Landsat datasets was observed in LD-1 of 2020. SUHII values were 0.35 °C higher in 2020 as compared to 2017–19 due to thriving vegetation. Similarly, annual NO
2
/PM
2.5
reduced by 61.39%/11.78% and satellite-based NO
2
/AOD reduced by 28.87%/9% in 2020 compared to 2017–19. A yearly reduction of ~ 41%, ~ 6%, ~ 10% and ~ 39% was observed in NSUPII (NO
2
), NSUPII (PM
2.5
), AUPII (AOD) and AUPII (NO
2
), respectively. The environmental regime of the urban purlieu was revitalized, and the ecological sensitiveness was restored by vegetation growth and reduced anthropogenic activities; however, the scenario was quickly restored in 2021 showing increased pollution levels.