Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Yadav, Anil Kumar
• Kartikeyan, M
• Raman, Rohan Kumar
• Das, Basant Kumar
• Jha, Dharm Nath
• Sahu, Sanjeev Kumar

Titel

Descriptive Statistics for Inland Fisheries Data

Ist Teil von

• Concept Building in Fisheries Data Analysis, 2022, p.41-58

Ort / Verlag

Singapore: Springer

Erscheinungsjahr

2022

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Statistics is basically a way of thinking about data that are variable. More specifically, statistics is a collection of methods for planning/designing studies or experiments, collecting/obtaining data and then organizing, presenting, analysing, interpreting and drawing conclusions. It is the science of learning from data. Statistical methods help in making rational and correct decisions in the face of variability and uncertainty. In fisheries science, where the information is both limited and varied, statistical tools are indispensable. To begin with, one should know about the data generated during the experiment/study, its distribution and its analysis to draw a valid conclusion from the experiment. Statistical methods can broadly be classified into two branches: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics summarize a collection of data in a clear and understandable way by means of numerical (e.g. measures of central tendency and dispersion) and graphical (e.g. stem and leaf display, box plot, bar, histogram, etc.) approaches. Inferential statistics is generalizing from samples to populations using probabilities and includes testing of hypothesis (null hypothesis is put forward, and it is determined whether the data are strong enough to reject or accept it), point estimation (the sample is used to estimate a parameter) and interval estimation (confidence interval about the estimate is constructed). Descriptive and inferential statistics are interrelated. It is almost always necessary to use methods of descriptive statistics, to organize and summarize the information obtained from a sample before methods of inferential statistics can be used to make more thorough analysis of the subject under investigation. Furthermore, the preliminary descriptive analysis of a sample often reveals features that lead to the choice of the appropriate inferential method to be used later. Acquiring such skills forms an integral part of every discipline today. Generally, biologists keep themselves away from statistics, but they must know some basics of statistics that are essential for proper planning of experiments or studies, collecting, modelling/analysing data correctly and presenting/communicating their results appropriately. This chapter describes the basics of frequently used descriptive statistics.