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Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of donor-acceptor conjugated polymers through dopant miscibility: a comparative study of fluorinated substituents and side-chain lengths
Ist Teil von
Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability, 2024-04, Vol.12 (16), p.986-9816
Ort / Verlag
Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry
Erscheinungsjahr
2024
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Conjugated polymers present a compelling option for thermoelectric applications due to their low working temperatures, good compatibility with solution-processing techniques, and high potential for scalability. However, the inherently low electrical conductivities of the pristine conjugated polymers necessitate improvements
via
doping methods. Doping effectively enhances the electrical conductivity by increasing the charge concentration and mobility within the conjugated polymer matrix. Hence, the present study investigates the compatibility between a ferric chloride (FeCl
3
) dopant and four distinct conjugated polymers and evaluates the effects of the dopant/polymer combination on the thermoelectric properties of the material. First, the influence of backbone engineering is investigated
via
a comparison between 4-(3′,4′-difluoro-3,3′′-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-5′′-methyl-[2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophen]-5-yl)-7-methylbenzo[
c
][1,2,5]thiadiazole (
PC16BTF
) and 4-(3,3′′-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-5′′-methyl-[2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophen]-5-yl)-7-methylbenzo[
c
][1,2,5]thiadiazole (
PC16BTH
). These polymers differ in that
PC16BTF
incorporates two fluorine-atom substituents on the thiophene ring, while
PC16BTH
contains hydrogen atoms in these positions. Then, the effects of various side-chain lengths are investigated by comparing the abovementioned
PC16BTH
with both 4-(3,3′′-bis(2-butyloctyl)-5′′-methyl-[2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophen]-5-yl)-7-methylbenzo[
c
][1,2,5]thiadiazole (
PC12BTH
) and 4-methyl-7-(5′′-methyl-3,3′′-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-[2,2′:5′,2′′-terthiophen]-5-yl)benzo[
c
][1,2,5]thiadiazole (
PC20BTH
). The FeCl
3
dopant was selected for its suitable size and charge transfer capability, which significantly influence the thermoelectric performance of each conjugated polymer. As a result,
PC16BTH
exhibits the highest power factor (PF) of 22.4 μW m
−1
K
−2
due to its moderate side-chain length and relatively high doping efficiency. Thus, the present study provides valuable insights into suitable strategies for improving the compatibility between dopants and polymers, thereby offering a promising avenue for further enhancing the thermoelectric performance of doped conjugated polymers.
Through designing molecules to enhance dopant miscibility, comprehensive research was conducted to optimize the thermoelectric performance.