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Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry, 2013-04, Vol.42 (13), p.4686-4694
2013
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Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Titel
Chlorido-containing ruthenium(ii) and iridium(iii) complexes as antimicrobial agents
Ist Teil von
  • Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry, 2013-04, Vol.42 (13), p.4686-4694
Ort / Verlag
England
Erscheinungsjahr
2013
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
  • A series of polypyridyl-ruthenium( ii ) and -iridium( iii ) complexes that contain labile chlorido ligands, [{M(tpy)Cl} 2 {μ-bb n }] 2/4+ {Cl-Mbb n ; where M = Ru or Ir; tpy = 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine; and bb n = bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1, n -alkane ( n = 7, 12 or 16)} have been synthesised and their potential as antimicrobial agents examined. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the series of metal complexes against four strains of bacteria - Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Gram negative Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) - have been determined. All the ruthenium complexes were highly active and bactericidal. In particular, the Cl-Rubb 12 complex showed excellent activity against all bacterial cell lines with MIC values of 1 μg mL −1 against the Gram positive bacteria and 2 and 8 μg mL −1 against E. coli and P. aeruginosa , respectively. The corresponding iridium( iii ) complexes also showed significant antimicrobial activity in terms of MIC values; however and surprisingly, the iridium complexes were bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. The inert iridium( iii ) complex, [{Ir(phen) 2 } 2 {μ-bb 12 }] 6+ {where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) exhibited no antimicrobial activity, suggesting that it could not cross the bacterial membrane. The mononuclear model complex, [Ir(tpy)(Me 2 bpy)Cl]Cl 2 (where Me 2 bpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), was found to aquate very rapidly, with the p K a of the iridium-bound water in the corresponding aqua complex determined to be 6.0. This suggests the dinuclear complexes [Ir(tpy)Cl} 2 {μ-bb n }] 4+ aquate and deprotonate rapidly and enter the bacterial cells as 4+ charged hydroxo species. Dinuclear polypyridyl-ruthenium( ii ) and -iridium( iii ) complexes containing chlorido ligands exhibit high levels of antimicrobial activity against Gram positive, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Gram negative bacteria.

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