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Identification and characterization of potent, selective, and efficacious inhibitors of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1
Ist Teil von
Archives of toxicology, 2022-02, Vol.96 (2), p.511-524
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
SpringerLink Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Arylamine
N
-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) plays a pivotal role in the metabolism of carcinogens and is a drug target for cancer prevention and/or treatment. A protein–ligand virtual screening of 2 million chemicals was ranked for predicted binding affinity towards the inhibition of human NAT1. Sixty of the five hundred top-ranked compounds were tested experimentally for inhibition of recombinant human NAT1 and
N
-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). The most promising compound 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,2-anthracenediyl diethyl ester (compound
10
) was found to be a potent and selective NAT1 inhibitor with an in vitro IC
50
of 0.75 µM. Two structural analogs of this compound were selective but less potent for inhibition of NAT1 whereas a third structural analog 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (a compound
10
hydrolysis product also known as Alizarin) showed comparable potency and efficacy for human NAT1 inhibition. Compound
10
inhibited
N
-acetylation of the arylamine carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP) both in vitro and in DNA repair-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in situ stably expressing human NAT1 and CYP1A1. Compound
10
and Alizarin effectively inhibited NAT1 in cryopreserved human hepatocytes whereas inhibition of NAT2 was not observed. Compound
10
caused concentration-dependent reductions in DNA adduct formation and DNA double-strand breaks following metabolism of aromatic amine carcinogens beta-naphthylamine and/or ABP in CHO cells. Compound
10
inhibited proliferation and invasion in human breast cancer cells and showed selectivity towards tumorigenic versus non-tumorigenic cells. In conclusion, our study identifies potent, selective, and efficacious inhibitors of human NAT1. Alizarin’s ability to inhibit NAT1 could reduce breast cancer metastasis particularly to bone.