Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Matsushita, Yumi
• Yokoyama, Tetsuji
• Hayakawa, Kayoko
• Matsunaga, Nobuaki
• Ohtsu, Hiroshi
• Saito, Sho
• Terada, Mari
• Suzuki, Setsuko
• Morioka, Shinichiro
• Kutsuna, Satoshi
• Mizoue, Tetsuya
• Hara, Hisao
• Kimura, Akio
• Ohmagari, Norio

Titel

Smoking and severe illness in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan

Ist Teil von

• International journal of epidemiology, 2022-08, Vol.51 (4), p.1078-1087

Ort / Verlag

England: Oxford University Press

Erscheinungsjahr

2022

Quelle

Oxford Journals 2020 Medicine

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify associations between smoking status and the severity of COVID-19, using a large-scale data registry of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan (COVIREGI-JP), and to explore the reasons for the inconsistent results previously reported on this subject. Methods The analysis included 17 666 COVID-19 inpatients aged 20–89 years (10 250 men and 7416 women). We graded the severity of COVID-19 (grades 0 to 5) according to the most intensive treatment required during hospitalization. The smoking status of severe grades 3/4/5 (invasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/death) and separately of grade 5 (death) were compared with that of grade 0 (no oxygen, reference group) using multiple logistic regression. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age and other factors considering the potential intermediate effects of comorbidities. Results Among men, former smoking significantly increased the risk of grade 3/4/5 and grade 5, using grade 0 as a reference group, with age- and admission-date-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.51 (1.18–1.93) and 1.65 (1.22–2.24), respectively. An additional adjustment for comorbidities weakened the ORs. Similar results were seen for women. Current smoking did not significantly increase the risk of grade 3/4/5 and grade 5 in either sex. Conclusions The severity of COVID-19 was not associated with current or former smoking per se but with the comorbidities caused by smoking. Thus, smoking cessation is likely to be a key factor for preventing smoking-related disease and hence for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19.