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Purpose
Expansion of CD8
+
cytotoxic Tlymphocytes is a prerequisite for anti-cancer immune activity and has gained interest in the era of immune checkpoint therapy.
Methods
To understand the CD8
+
T cell dynamics in the tumor microenvironment, we used multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry to quantitate CD8
+
proliferation (Ki67 co-expression) in tissue microarrays from 1107 colorectal, 642 renal cell, 1066 breast, 375 ovarian, 451 pancreatic and 347 gastric cancer samples.
Results
The density and the percentage of proliferating (Ki67
+
) CD8
+
T cells were both highly variable between tumor types as well as between patients with the same tumor type. Elevated density and percentage of proliferating CD8
+
cytotoxic T cells were significantly associated with favorable tumor parameters such as low tumor stage, negative nodal stage (
p
≤ 0.0041 each), prolonged overall survival (
p
≤ 0.0028 each) and an inflamed immune phenotype (
p
= 0.0025) in colorectal cancer and, in contrast, linked to high tumor stage, advanced ISUP/Fuhrman/Thoenes grading (each
p
≤ 0.003), shorter overall survival (
p
≤ 0.0330 each) and an immune inflamed phenotype (
p
= 0.0094) in renal cell cancer. In breast, ovarian, pancreatic and gastric cancer the role of (Ki67
+
)CD8
+
Tcells was not linked to clinicopathological data.
Conclusion
Our data demonstrate a tumor type dependent prognostic impact of proliferating (Ki67
+
)CD8
+
Tcells and an inverse impact in colorectal and renal cell cancer.