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A germline PALB2 pathogenic variant identified in a pediatric high-grade glioma
Ist Teil von
Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studies, 2020-08, Vol.6 (4), p.a005397
Ort / Verlag
Cold Spring Harbor: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Erscheinungsjahr
2020
Quelle
Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
PALB2
(partner and localizer of BRCA2) gene encodes a protein that colocalizes with
BRCA2
in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of
BRCA2
.
PALB2
plays a critical role in maintaining genome integrity through its role in the Fanconi anemia and homologous recombination DNA repair pathways. It has a known loss-of-function disease mechanism. Biallelic
PALB2
pathogenic variants have been described in autosomal recessive Fanconi anemia. Heterozygous pathogenic variants in
PALB2
are associated with increased risk for female and male breast cancer and pancreatic cancer (
Science
324: 217;
Cancer Res
71: 2222–2229;
N Engl J Med
371: 497–506). Heterozygous germline
PALB2
mutations have also been observed in patients with medulloblastoma (
Lancet Oncol
19: 785–798). However,
PALB2
-related cancer predisposition to high-grade gliomas has not been reported. Here we report a germline
PALB2
pathogenic variant (c.509_510delGA, p.Arg170Ilefs*14, NM_024675.3) found in a pediatric patient with high-grade glioma. This variant was first identified by tumor sequencing using the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Comprehensive Solid Tumor Panel and then confirmed to be a germline change using the CHOP Comprehensive Hereditary Cancer Panel on DNA from a blood sample of this patient. Parental studies showed that this variant was paternally inherited. Further studies are needed to illustrate if pathogenic variants in
PALB2
convey increased risk to developing brain tumor. This case also highlights the potential of identifying germline mutation through tumor sequencing.