Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Hammond, Timothy R.
• Marsh, Samuel E.
• Stevens, Beth

Titel

Immune Signaling in Neurodegeneration

Ist Teil von

• Immunity (Cambridge, Mass.), 2019-04, Vol.50 (4), p.955-974

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2019

Quelle

The Electronic Journals Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system progressively rob patients of their memory, motor function, and ability to perform daily tasks. Advances in genetics and animal models are beginning to unearth an unexpected role of the immune system in disease onset and pathogenesis; however, the role of cytokines, growth factors, and other immune signaling pathways in disease pathogenesis is still being examined. Here we review recent genetic risk and genome-wide association studies and emerging mechanisms for three key immune pathways implicated in disease, the growth factor TGF-β, the complement cascade, and the extracellular receptor TREM2. These immune signaling pathways are important under both healthy and neurodegenerative conditions, and recent work has highlighted new functional aspects of their signaling. Finally, we assess future directions for immune-related research in neurodegeneration and potential avenues for immune-related therapies. Stevens and colleagues explore the growing evidence of immune involvement in the initiation and progression of neurodegenerative disease. The authors examine how immune pathways identified by GWASs and histopathological studies contribute to aberrant cellular responses, pathological protein aggregation, and neural deterioration in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases.