Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Delpech, Jean-Christophe
• Herron, Shawn
• Botros, Mina B.
• Ikezu, Tsuneya

Titel

Neuroimmune Crosstalk through Extracellular Vesicles in Health and Disease

Ist Teil von

• Trends in neurosciences (Regular ed.), 2019-05, Vol.42 (5), p.361-372

Ort / Verlag

England: Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2019

Quelle

Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The dynamics of CNS function rely upon omnidirectional communication among CNS cell types. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of this communication and are actively involved in response to CNS injury, mediating inflammatory response and inflammation-related neuroprotection as they display dual beneficial and detrimental roles. Neuroimmune interactions include communication between neurons and microglia, the resident macrophages within the CNS, and these interactions are a critical mediator of healthy brain functions, mounting an inflammatory response, and disease pathogenesis. This review aims to organize recent research highlighting the role of EVs in health and neurodegenerative disorders, with a specific focus on neuroimmune interactions between neurons and glia in Alzheimer’s disease. CNS EVs are heterogenous vesicles with loading of specific cargo molecules, depending on the cell type, cellular activity, and homeostatic/disease status of the CNS. CNS EVs cargos represent relatively small quantities of molecules compared with secreted molecules, but can be highly impactful due to their concentration and targeted delivery. CNS EVs are active mediators of neuroimmune communication via small RNAs and proteins in the healthy and diseased brain, and have both beneficial and detrimental roles. CNS EVs participate in seeding and progression of neurodegenerative disease pathology.