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Statins and the Brain: More than Lipid Lowering Agents?
Ist Teil von
Current neuropharmacology, 2019-01, Vol.17 (1), p.59-83
Ort / Verlag
United Arab Emirates: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Background: Statins represent a class of medications widely prescribed to efficiently
treat dyslipidemia. These drugs inhibit 3-βhydroxy 3β-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase
(HMGR), the rate-limiting enzyme of mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Besides cholesterol, MVA
pathway leads to the production of several other compounds, which are essential in the regulation of
a plethora of biological activities, including in the central nervous system. For these reasons, statins
are able to induce pleiotropic actions, and acquire increased interest as potential and novel modulators
in brain processes, especially during pathological conditions.
Objective: The purpose of this review is to summarize and examine the current knowledge about
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of statins in the brain. In addition, effects of
statin on brain diseases are discussed providing the most up-to-date information.
Methods: Relevant scientific information was identified from PubMed database using the following
keywords: statins and brain, central nervous system, neurological diseases, neurodegeneration, brain
tumors, mood, stroke.
Results: 315 scientific articles were selected and analyzed for the writing of this review article.
Several papers highlighted that statin treatment is effective in preventing or ameliorating the symptomatology
of a number of brain pathologies. However, other studies failed to demonstrate a neuroprotective
effect.
Conclusion: Even though considerable research studies suggest pivotal functional outcomes induced
by statin therapy, additional investigation is required to better determine the pharmacological
effectiveness of statins in the brain, and support their clinical use in the management of different
neuropathologies.