Nature (London), 2017-07, Vol.547 (7664), p.413-418
2017
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- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- In vivo CRISPR screening identifies Ptpn2 as a cancer immunotherapy target
- Ist Teil von
- Nature (London), 2017-07, Vol.547 (7664), p.413-418
- Ort / Verlag
- England: Nature Publishing Group
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2017
- Quelle
- MEDLINE
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- Immunotherapy with PD-1 checkpoint blockade is effective in only a minority of patients with cancer, suggesting that additional treatment strategies are needed. Here we use a pooled in vivo genetic screening approach using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in transplantable tumours in mice treated with immunotherapy to discover previously undescribed immunotherapy targets. We tested 2,368 genes expressed by melanoma cells to identify those that synergize with or cause resistance to checkpoint blockade. We recovered the known immune evasion molecules PD-L1 and CD47, and confirmed that defects in interferon-γ signalling caused resistance to immunotherapy. Tumours were sensitized to immunotherapy by deletion of genes involved in several diverse pathways, including NF-κB signalling, antigen presentation and the unfolded protein response. In addition, deletion of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN2 in tumour cells increased the efficacy of immunotherapy by enhancing interferon-γ-mediated effects on antigen presentation and growth suppression. In vivo genetic screens in tumour models can identify new immunotherapy targets in unanticipated pathways.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 0028-0836eISSN: 1476-4687DOI: 10.1038/nature23270Titel-ID: cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5924693
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Analysis, Animal models, Animals, Antigen presentation, Antigen Presentation - genetics, Antigen Presentation - immunology, Cancer, Cancer immunotherapy, Cancer screening, Cancer treatment, Clonal deletion, CRISPR, CRISPR-Cas Systems - genetics, Gene Editing, Genes, Genetic screening, Genetic testing, Genomes, Genomics, Humans, Immune checkpoint, Immunotherapy, Immunotherapy - methods, Interferon, Interferons - immunology, Loss of Function Mutation, Lymphocytes, Medical screening, Melanoma, Melanoma, Experimental - genetics, Melanoma, Experimental - immunology, Melanoma, Experimental - pathology, Melanoma, Experimental - therapy, Methods, Mice, NF-kappa B - metabolism, NF-κB protein, Patients, PD-1 protein, PD-L1 protein, Protein folding, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2 - deficiency, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2 - genetics, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2 - metabolism, Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase, Proteins, PTPN2 protein, Signal transduction, Signaling, Synergism, T-Lymphocytes - drug effects, T-Lymphocytes - immunology, Tumor Escape - drug effects, Tumor Escape - genetics, Tumor Escape - immunology, Tumors, Tyrosine, Unfolded Protein Response, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays