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In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, a Naturally Occurring Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, against Helicobacter pylori Infection
Ist Teil von
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2017-06, Vol.61 (6)
Ort / Verlag
United States: American Society for Microbiology
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
This study further evaluated the
and
anti-
activities and potential underlying mechanism of patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene. In the
assay, the capacities of PA to inhibit and kill
were tested on three standard strains at different pH values and on 12 clinical isolates. The effects of PA on
adhesion (and its
,
, and
genes), motility (and its
and
genes), ultrastructure, and flagellation were investigated. Moreover, the
resistance to and postantibiotic effect (PAE) of PA were determined. Furthermore, the
effects of PA on
eradication and gastritis were examined. Results showed that MICs of PA against three standard strains (pH 5.3 to 9) and 12 clinical isolates were 25 to 75 and 12.5 to 50 μg/ml, respectively. The killing kinetics of PA were time and concentration dependent, and its minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 25 to 75 μg/ml. In addition,
adhesion, motility, ultrastructure, and flagellation were significantly suppressed. PA also remarkably inhibited the expression of adhesion genes (
and
) and motility genes (
and
). Furthermore, PA treatment caused a longer PAE and less bacterial resistance than clarithromycin and metronidazole. The
study showed that PA can effectively eradicate
, inhibit gastritis, and suppress the expression of inflammatory mediators (COX-2, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]). In conclusion, PA can efficiently kill
, interfere with its infection process, and attenuate gastritis with less bacterial resistance, making it a potential candidate for new drug development.