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Regulatory T cells promote myelin regeneration in the central nervous system
Ist Teil von
Nature neuroscience, 2017-05, Vol.20 (5), p.674
Ort / Verlag
United States
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Link zum Volltext
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Regeneration of CNS myelin involves differentiation of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. In multiple sclerosis, remyelination can fail despite abundant oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, suggesting impairment of oligodendrocyte differentiation. T cells infiltrate the CNS in multiple sclerosis, yet little is known about T cell functions in remyelination. We report that regulatory T cells (T
) promote oligodendrocyte differentiation and (re)myelination. T
-deficient mice exhibited substantially impaired remyelination and oligodendrocyte differentiation, which was rescued by adoptive transfer of T
. In brain slice cultures, T
accelerated developmental myelination and remyelination, even in the absence of overt inflammation. T
directly promoted oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and myelination in vitro. We identified CCN3 as a T
-derived mediator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in vitro. These findings reveal a new regenerative function of T
in the CNS, distinct from immunomodulation. Although the cells were originally named 'T
' to reflect immunoregulatory roles, this also captures emerging, regenerative T
functions.