Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Scozzi, D.
• Ibrahim, M.
• Menna, C.
• Krupnick, A. S.
• Kreisel, D.
• Gelman, A. E.

Titel

The Role of Neutrophils in Transplanted Organs

Ist Teil von

• American journal of transplantation, 2017-02, Vol.17 (2), p.328-335

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Limited

Erscheinungsjahr

2017

Quelle

Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Neutrophils are often viewed as nonspecialized effector cells whose presence is a simple indicator of tissue inflammation. There is new evidence that neutrophils exist in subsets and have specialized effector functions that include extracellular trap generation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. The application of intravital imaging to transplanted organs has revealed novel requirements for neutrophil trafficking into graft tissue and has illuminated direct interactions between neutrophils and other leukocytes that promote alloimmunity. Paradoxically, retaining some neutrophilia may be important to induce or maintain tolerance. Neutrophils can stimulate anti‐inflammatory signals in other phagocytes and release molecules that inhibit T cell activation. In this article, we will review the available evidence of how neutrophils regulate acute and chronic inflammation in transplanted organs and discuss the possibility of targeting these cells to promote tolerance. New insights into neutrophil function reveal their important role in stimulating alloimmunity as well as their potential for tolerance promotion.