Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Desai, Mahesh S.
• Seekatz, Anna M.
• Koropatkin, Nicole M.
• Kamada, Nobuhiko
• Hickey, Christina A.
• Wolter, Mathis
• Pudlo, Nicholas A.
• Kitamoto, Sho
• Terrapon, Nicolas
• Muller, Arnaud
• Young, Vincent B.
• Henrissat, Bernard
• Wilmes, Paul
• Stappenbeck, Thaddeus S.
• Núñez, Gabriel
• Martens, Eric C.

Titel

A Dietary Fiber-Deprived Gut Microbiota Degrades the Colonic Mucus Barrier and Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility

Ist Teil von

• Cell, 2016-11, Vol.167 (5), p.1339-1353.e21

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2016

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

EZB Electronic Journals Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Despite the accepted health benefits of consuming dietary fiber, little is known about the mechanisms by which fiber deprivation impacts the gut microbiota and alters disease risk. Using a gnotobiotic mouse model, in which animals were colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria, we elucidated the functional interactions between dietary fiber, the gut microbiota, and the colonic mucus barrier, which serves as a primary defense against enteric pathogens. We show that during chronic or intermittent dietary fiber deficiency, the gut microbiota resorts to host-secreted mucus glycoproteins as a nutrient source, leading to erosion of the colonic mucus barrier. Dietary fiber deprivation, together with a fiber-deprived, mucus-eroding microbiota, promotes greater epithelial access and lethal colitis by the mucosal pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Our work reveals intricate pathways linking diet, the gut microbiome, and intestinal barrier dysfunction, which could be exploited to improve health using dietary therapeutics. [Display omitted] •Characterized synthetic bacterial communities enable functional insights in vivo•Low-fiber diet promotes expansion and activity of colonic mucus-degrading bacteria•Purified prebiotic fibers do not alleviate degradation of the mucus layer•Fiber-deprived gut microbiota promotes aggressive colitis by an enteric pathogen Regular consumption of dietary fiber helps prevent erosion of the intestinal mucus barrier by the gut microbiome, blunting pathogen infection and reducing the incidence of colitis.