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Across language families: Genome diversity mirrors linguistic variation within Europe
American journal of physical anthropology, 2015-08, Vol.157 (4), p.630-640
Longobardi, Giuseppe
Ghirotto, Silvia
Guardiano, Cristina
Tassi, Francesca
Benazzo, Andrea
Ceolin, Andrea
Barbujani, Guido
2015
Details
Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Longobardi, Giuseppe
Ghirotto, Silvia
Guardiano, Cristina
Tassi, Francesca
Benazzo, Andrea
Ceolin, Andrea
Barbujani, Guido
Titel
Across language families: Genome diversity mirrors linguistic variation within Europe
Ist Teil von
American journal of physical anthropology, 2015-08, Vol.157 (4), p.630-640
Ort / Verlag
United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2015
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Wiley-Blackwell Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
ABSTRACT Objectives: The notion that patterns of linguistic and biological variation may cast light on each other and on population histories dates back to Darwin's times; yet, turning this intuition into a proper research program has met with serious methodological difficulties, especially affecting language comparisons. This article takes advantage of two new tools of comparative linguistics: a refined list of Indo‐European cognate words, and a novel method of language comparison estimating linguistic diversity from a universal inventory of grammatical polymorphisms, and hence enabling comparison even across different families. We corroborated the method and used it to compare patterns of linguistic and genomic variation in Europe. Materials and Methods: Two sets of linguistic distances, lexical and syntactic, were inferred from these data and compared with measures of geographic and genomic distance through a series of matrix correlation tests. Linguistic and genomic trees were also estimated and compared. A method (Treemix) was used to infer migration episodes after the main population splits. Results: We observed significant correlations between genomic and linguistic diversity, the latter inferred from data on both Indo‐European and non‐Indo‐European languages. Contrary to previous observations, on the European scale, language proved a better predictor of genomic differences than geography. Inferred episodes of genetic admixture following the main population splits found convincing correlates also in the linguistic realm. Discussion: These results pave the ground for previously unfeasible cross‐disciplinary analyses at the worldwide scale, encompassing populations of distant language families. Am J Phys Anthropol 157:630–640, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 0002-9483
eISSN: 1096-8644
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22758
Titel-ID: cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5095809
Format
–
Schlagworte
Algorithms
,
Anthropology, Physical
,
Biological anthropology
,
Biological Evolution
,
Comparative analysis
,
Europe
,
Europe - epidemiology
,
Genetic Variation - genetics
,
Genetics, Population
,
Genome - genetics
,
genome-wide diversity
,
human evolutionary history
,
Humans
,
Interdisciplinary research
,
Language
,
Linguistics
,
Models, Statistical
,
parametric comparison method
,
Physical anthropology
,
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics
,
Population
,
single-nucleotide polymorphisms
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