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Development of HIV-1 prevention methods is a global priority. In this randomized, controlled trial in sub-Saharan Africa, a vaginal ring containing the antiretroviral dapivirine was 27% effective in protecting against HIV-1 acquisition.
More than half of the 35 million persons currently living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection are women. A majority of these women reside in sub-Saharan Africa,
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a region that has some of the highest incidences of HIV-1 infection in any population worldwide.
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–
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The use of antiretroviral medications as pre-exposure prophylaxis is a promising approach to the prevention of HIV-1 acquisition.
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Several clinical trials of the antiretroviral tenofovir showed such protection against HIV-1.
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,
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However, in three trials involving African women, adherence to tenofovir-containing pills and vaginal gels was low, and HIV-1 protection was not shown. . . .