Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Bailey, Andrew P.
• Koster, Grielof
• Guillermier, Christelle
• Hirst, Elizabeth M.A.
• MacRae, James I.
• Lechene, Claude P.
• Postle, Anthony D.
• Gould, Alex P.

Titel

Antioxidant Role for Lipid Droplets in a Stem Cell Niche of Drosophila

Ist Teil von

• Cell, 2015-10, Vol.163 (2), p.340-353

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2015

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments known as niches. During Drosophila development, glial cells provide a niche that sustains the proliferation of neural stem cells (neuroblasts) during starvation. We now find that the glial cell niche also preserves neuroblast proliferation under conditions of hypoxia and oxidative stress. Lipid droplets that form in niche glia during oxidative stress limit the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These droplets protect glia and also neuroblasts from peroxidation chain reactions that can damage many types of macromolecules. The underlying antioxidant mechanism involves diverting PUFAs, including diet-derived linoleic acid, away from membranes to the core of lipid droplets, where they are less vulnerable to peroxidation. This study reveals an antioxidant role for lipid droplets that could be relevant in many different biological contexts. [Display omitted] •Oxidative stress stimulates lipid droplet biosynthesis in a neural stem cell niche•Lipid droplets protect niche and neural stem cells from damaging PUFA peroxidation•PUFAs are less vulnerable to peroxidation in lipid droplets than in cell membranes Lipid droplets can act as antioxidant organelles that protect Drosophila neural stem cells from hypoxia-triggered ROS. They sequester polyunsaturated fatty acids away from plasma membranes, thereby shielding these lipids from harmful peroxidation that would otherwise compromise proliferation.