Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Klase, Z
• Ortiz, A
• Deleage, C
• Mudd, J C
• Quiñones, M
• Schwartzman, E
• Klatt, N R
• Canary, L
• Estes, J D
• Brenchley, J M

Titel

Dysbiotic bacteria translocate in progressive SIV infection

Ist Teil von

• Mucosal immunology, 2015-09, Vol.8 (5), p.1009-1020

Ort / Verlag

United States: Nature Publishing Group

Erscheinungsjahr

2015

Quelle

Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Infection of gut-resident CD4(+) memory T cells during acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection is associated with rapid loss of these cells and damage to the epithelial barrier. Damage to the epithelial barrier allows translocation of microbial products from the intestinal lumen into the body. Immune activation caused by these microbial products has been associated with disease progression. Although microbial translocation has been demonstrated in SIV-infected nonhuman primates, the identity of translocating bacteria has not been determined. In this study we examined the communities of bacteria both within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and systemic tissues of both healthy and experimentally SIV-infected Asian macaques. Although there were only modest changes in the GI tract-associated microbiome resulting from infection, there is substantial dysbiosis after administration of antiretrovirals. Analysis of bacterial DNA isolated from tissues of infected animals revealed a preference for the phylum Proteobacteria, suggesting that they preferentially translocate. Consistent with this finding, we observed increased metabolic activity of Proteobacterial species within the colonic lumen of SIV-infected animals. Overall, these data provide insights into disease progression and suggest that therapies aimed at altering the composition and metabolic activity of the GI tract microbiome could benefit chronically HIV-infected individuals, particularly those on antiretroviral therapies.