Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Zeng, Y.
• Katsanis, E.

Titel

The complex pathophysiology of acquired aplastic anaemia

Ist Teil von

• Clinical and experimental immunology, 2015-06, Vol.180 (3), p.361-370

Ort / Verlag

England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2015

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek (Open access)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Summary Immune‐mediated destruction of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of acquired aplastic anaemia (aAA). Dysregulated CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD4+ T cells including T helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, regulatory T cells and Th17 cells, natural killer (NK) cells and NK T cells, along with the abnormal production of cytokines including interferon (IFN)‐γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, induce apoptosis of HSPCs, constituting a consistent and defining feature of severe aAA. Alterations in the polymorphisms of TGF‐β, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α genes, as well as certain human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, may account for the propensity to immune‐mediated killing of HSPCs and/or ineffective haematopoiesis. Although the inciting autoantigens remain elusive, autoantibodies are often detected in the serum. In addition, recent studies provide genetic and molecular evidence that intrinsic and/or secondary deficits in HSPCs and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may underlie the development of bone marrow failure.