Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Chasela, Charles S
• Kourtis, Athena P
• Wall, Patrick
• Drobeniuc, Jan
• King, Caroline C
• Thai, Hong
• Teshale, Eyasu H
• Hosseinipour, Mina
• Ellington, Sascha
• Codd, Mary B
• Jamieson, Denise J
• Knight, Rod
• Fitzpatrick, Patricia
• Kamili, Saleem
• Hoffman, Irving
• Kayira, Dumbani
• Mumba, Noel
• Kamwendo, Deborah D
• Martinson, Francis
• Powderly, William
• Teo, Chong-Gee
• van der Horst, Charles

Titel

Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants

Ist Teil von

• Journal of hepatology, 2014-03, Vol.60 (3), p.508-514

Ort / Verlag

Netherlands: Elsevier B.V

Erscheinungsjahr

2014

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Background & Aims The extent of HBV infection to infants of HBV/HIV-coinfected pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of HBV infection among antiretroviral-naïve, HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and examine HBV transmission to their infants. Methods Plasma from 2048 HIV-infected, Malawian women and their infants were tested for markers of HBV infection. Study participants were provided standard-of-care health services, which included administration of pentavalent vaccine to infants at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. Results One-hundred and three women (5%) were HBsAg-positive; 70 of these HBsAg-positive women were also HBV-DNA-positive. Sixteen women (0.8%) were HBV-DNA-positive but HBsAg-negative. Five of 51 infants (9.8%) born to HBsAg-positive and/or HBV-DNA-positive women were HBV-DNA-positive by 48 weeks of age. HBV DNA concentrations of two infants of mothers who received extended lamivudine-containing anti-HIV prophylaxis were <4 log10 IU/ml compared to ⩾8 log10 IU/ml in three infants of mothers who did not. Conclusions HBV DNA was detected in nearly 10% of infants born to HBV/HIV-coinfected women. Antenatal testing for HIV and HBV, if instituted, can facilitate implementation of prophylactic measures against infant infection by both viruses.