Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Obregon-Tito, Alexandra J.
• Tito, Raul Y.
• Metcalf, Jessica
• Sankaranarayanan, Krithivasan
• Clemente, Jose C.
• Ursell, Luke K.
• Zech Xu, Zhenjiang
• Van Treuren, Will
• Knight, Rob
• Gaffney, Patrick M.
• Spicer, Paul
• Lawson, Paul
• Marin-Reyes, Luis
• Trujillo-Villarroel, Omar
• Foster, Morris
• Guija-Poma, Emilio
• Troncoso-Corzo, Luzmila
• Warinner, Christina
• Ozga, Andrew T.
• Lewis, Cecil M.

Titel

Subsistence strategies in traditional societies distinguish gut microbiomes

Ist Teil von

• Nature communications, 2015-03, Vol.6 (1), p.6505-6505, Article 6505

Ort / Verlag

London: Nature Publishing Group UK

Erscheinungsjahr

2015

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Recent studies suggest that gut microbiomes of urban-industrialized societies are different from those of traditional peoples. Here we examine the relationship between lifeways and gut microbiota through taxonomic and functional potential characterization of faecal samples from hunter-gatherer and traditional agriculturalist communities in Peru and an urban-industrialized community from the US. We find that in addition to taxonomic and metabolic differences between urban and traditional lifestyles, hunter-gatherers form a distinct sub-group among traditional peoples. As observed in previous studies, we find that Treponema are characteristic of traditional gut microbiomes. Moreover, through genome reconstruction (2.2–2.5 MB, coverage depth × 26–513) and functional potential characterization, we discover these Treponema are diverse, fall outside of pathogenic clades and are similar to Treponema succinifaciens , a known carbohydrate metabolizer in swine. Gut Treponema are found in non-human primates and all traditional peoples studied to date, suggesting they are symbionts lost in urban-industrialized societies. The gut microbiomes of urban-industrialized societies differ from those of traditional rural societies and hunter-gatherers. Here the authors perform a comparative analysis of available and new gut microbiome data to provide fresh insight into these differences.