Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Hawthorne, W. J.
• Salvaris, E. J.
• Phillips, P.
• Hawkes, J.
• Liuwantara, D.
• Burns, H.
• Barlow, H.
• Stewart, A. B.
• Peirce, S. B.
• Hu, M.
• Lew, A. M.
• Robson, S. C.
• Nottle, M. B.
• D'Apice, A. J. F.
• O'Connell, P. J.
• Cowan, P. J.

Titel

Control of IBMIR in Neonatal Porcine Islet Xenotransplantation in Baboons

Ist Teil von

• American journal of transplantation, 2014-06, Vol.14 (6), p.1300-1309

Ort / Verlag

Hoboken, NJ: Wiley

Erscheinungsjahr

2014

Quelle

Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• The instant blood‐mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) is a major obstacle to the engraftment of intraportal pig islet xenografts in primates. Higher expression of the galactose‐α1,3‐galactose (αGal) xenoantigen on neonatal islet cell clusters (NICC) than on adult pig islets may provoke a stronger reaction, but this has not been tested in the baboon model. Here, we report that WT pig NICC xenografts triggered profound IBMIR in baboons, with intravascular clotting and graft destruction occurring within hours, which was not prevented by anti‐thrombin treatment. In contrast, IBMIR was minimal when recipients were immunosuppressed with a clinically relevant protocol and transplanted with NICC from αGal‐deficient pigs transgenic for the human complement regulators CD55 and CD59. These genetically modified (GM) NICC were less susceptible to humoral injury in vitro than WT NICC, inducing significantly less complement activation and thrombin generation when incubated with baboon platelet‐poor plasma. Recipients of GM NICC developed a variable anti‐pig antibody response, and examination of the grafts 1 month after transplant revealed significant cell‐mediated rejection, although scattered insulin‐positive cells were still present. Our results indicate that IBMIR can be attenuated in this model, but long‐term graft survival may require more effective immunosuppression or further donor genetic modification. This study shows that the instant blood‐mediated inflammatory reaction can be attenuated when neonatal islet cell clusters from transgenic pigs expressing human CD55, CD59, and α 1,2‐fucosyltransferase are transplanted into immunosuppressed baboons, but long‐term graft survival may require more effective immunosuppression or further donor genetic modification.